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Taxa Fauna (678 Results)

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Class all Actinopterygii Amphibia Aves Bivalvia Chondrichthyes Gastropoda Malacostraca Mammalia Reptilia Scaphopoda	Family all	Chronology alle Early Hellenistic period Islamic period Late Iron Age Bronze Age Byzantine Chalcolithic Early Chalcolithic Classical period Archaic period Early Byzantine Early Medieval PPNB Early Bronze Age Early to Middle Bronze Age Epipalaeolithic Early Iron Age early Neolithic Final Neolithic Hellenistic period Iron Age Phrygian Late Byzantine Late Hellenistic period Late Islamic period Late Medieval Late Roman period Late Bronze Age Late Chalcolithic Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age Late Neolithic Mirdasid Middle Bronze Age Middle to Late Bronze Age Middle Chalcolithic Medieval Mesolithic Middle Iron Age middle Neolithic Parthian period Neolithic Ottoman period Persian period Pottery Neolithic PPN PPNA PPNC Roman period Sasanian period - Natufian Epipalaeolithic to PPN Hellenistic to Roman period Neolithic to Chalcolithic Epipalaeolithic to Neolithic Iron Age Phrygian period PPNB_C PPNA_B Roman Byzantine period Bronze Age to Roman period Iron Age I to II Late Bronze to Iron Age Hellenistic to Byzantine period Late Iron Age to Hellenistic period late Prepottery Neolithic B to Pottery Neolithic Iron Age II to III Hellenistic_Persian period

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	ACANTUB	Acanthocardia tuberculata (Rudicardium tuberculatum, unaccepted)	Bivalvia	Cardiidae	Acanthocardia	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Burak (1)

	ACCIGEN	Accipiter gentilis	Aves	Accipitridae	Accipiter	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats coniferous forest; Taiga; coniferous forest of mountainous regions; forest; open landscape with field grove   Modern Distribution Area arctic and sub-tropical zones of the Holarctic; Armenia; Cyprus; Georgia; Iran; Israel; Jordan; Kuwait; Lebanon; Oman; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Turkey; Vagrant: Egypt; Libya; Oman; United Arab Emirates   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1)

	ACCINIS	Accipiter nisus	Aves	Accipitridae	Accipiter	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats coniferous forest edge; semi-open cultural landscape; parks   Modern Distribution Area subtropical regions of the Old World; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Syria; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Libya; Oman; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Sudan; Yemen; Kuwait; Bahrain   Sites Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	ACCISPE	Accipiter spec.	Aves	Accipitridae	Accipiter	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats forest; shrubland   Modern Distribution Area Nearly all over the world except the antarctic   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	ACCIIND	Accipitridae indetermined	Aves	Accipitridae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats all habitats; from forest to wetland, sub-desert, tundra, high mountains and urban areas   Modern Distribution Area all over the world except the Antarctic   Sites Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Menteşe (1)

	ACINJUB	Acinonyx jubatus	Mammalia	Felidae	Acinonyx	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open grassy habitat; dry forest; savanna woodland; semi-desert; scrub; areas up to 4,000 m (on Mt Kenya); high mountain habitat (Central Sahara); desert habitat in Iran, much of it with precipitation of fewer than 100 mm per year; from plains and saltpans to eroded foothills, and rugged desert ranges that rise to an elevation of up to 2,000-3,000 m.   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Wadi Fidan (1)

	ACOMSPE	Acomys spec.	Mammalia	Muridae	Acomys	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tilbeshar (1)

	ADDANAS	Addax nasomaculatus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Addax	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats desert; dry steppe   Modern Distribution Area northern Africa   Sites

	ADDAORY	Addax nasomaculatus / Oryx leucoryx / Oryx dammah	Mammalia	Bovidae	Addax / Oryx	W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	AEGYIND	Aegypiinae indetermined	Aves	Accipitridae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats open landscape; steppe; semi-desert; mountainous region   Modern Distribution Area southern Europe; Africa; Asia   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1)

	AEGYMON	Aegypius monachus	Aves	Accipitridae	Aegypius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forested areas in hills and mountains at 300-1,400 m in Spain, but higher in Asia; scrub; arid and semi-arid alpine steppe and grassland up to 4,500m(Thiollay 1994), foraging: over many kinds of open terrain, including forest, bare mountains, steppe and open grassland   Modern Distribution Area breeds in Spain, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyztan, Iran, Afghanistan, north India, northern Pakistan, Mongolia and mainland China, with a small reintroduced population in France. It may occasionally breed in Portugal, Macedonia and Albania, but it no longer breeds in Slovenia, Italy, Cyprus, Moldova and Romania. There are wintering areas in Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Pakistan, north-west India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Lao People's Democratic Republic, North Korea and South Korea.   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	AGAMSTE	Agama stellio (Laudakio stellio picea)	Reptilia	Agamidae	Agama	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats black lava-desert   Modern Distribution Area Transjordan   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	ALAUIND	Alaudidae indetermined	Aves	Alaudidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats open landscape; open cultural land; arid and semi-arid environment   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Asia; Africa; Madagascar; Australia; North America   Sites Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1)

	ALCEBUS	Alcelaphus buselaphus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Alcelaphus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry savannah; grassland; areas with sufficient water   Modern Distribution Area western, middle, eastern and southern parts of Africa   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell Halif (1)

	ALECCHU	Alectoris chukar	Aves	Phasinanidae	Alectoris	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; desert   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Asia; South Africa (introduced); Syria; Iraq; Iran; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Oman; New Zealand (introduced); Sainte Helena (introduced); Canada (introduced); United States (introduced); Russia (vagrant)   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Jawa (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1)

	ALECGRA	Alectoris graeca	Aves	Phasianidae	Alectoris	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dump between wood- and snow edge; rocky plain   Modern Distribution Area Alps; Italy; Balkan Peninsula; northern Asia; Turkey (Vagrant); Liechtenstein (extinct); Belgium (introduced); Lebanon (introduced); Spain (introduced)   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Bastam (1) Korucutepe (1)

	ALECSPE	Alectoris spec.	Aves	Phasianidae	Alectoris	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area southern Europe; northern Africa; Arabia; Asia; United States (introduced); Canada (introduced); New Zeeland (introduced); Hawaii (introduced)   Sites Bogazköy (1)

	AMMOHEY	Ammoperdix heyi	Aves	Phasianidae	Ammoperdix	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry, open and hilly country   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	AMMOLER	Ammotragus lervia	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ammotragus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats arid and rocky habitats   Modern Distribution Area highlands within the desert and sub desert zones from Morocco and western Sahara to Egypt and Sudan; North America (introduced)   Sites

	AMPHIND	Amphibia indetermined	Amphibia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Tell Mozan (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	ANASCLY	Anas clypeata	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats permanent shallow freshwater wetland; lakes; marshes; Winter: coastal brackish lagoons; tidal mudflats; estuaries; lakes; saline inland waters   Modern Distribution Area Holarctic; Mediterranean; Winter: southern Europe, Africa   Sites Bogazköy (1)

	ANASCRE	Anas crecca	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats permanent waters in the vicinity of woodlands (breeding season);   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Africa; Asia; North America   Sites Korucutepe (1)

	ANASINS	Anas indetermined small	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Korucutepe (1)

	ANASPEN	Anas penelope	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	ANASPLA	Anas platyrhynchos	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats all wetland types   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Asia, North America; northern Hemisphere except the most northern areas   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Korucutepe (1) Menteşe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Te'o (1) Troia (1)

	ANASPLD	Anas platyrhynchos domestic	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ANASPDW	Anas platyrhynchos domestic / wild	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bastam (1) Bogazköy (1) Tell Afis (1)

	ANASQUE	Anas querquedula	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Breeding: shallow ponds and lakes; grass dominated environments, swampy meadows, flooded fields, shallow freshwater marshes; Non-breeding: large freshwater or occasionally brackish lakes with abundant floating, emergent and fringing vegetation, shallow flood plains, shallow dams, pans and sewage ponds; coastal saltmarshes; lagoons (on passage); marine inshore waters (migrating)   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Africa; Asia; United States (vagrant); Australia (vagrant); Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Cyprus; Georgia; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kuwait; Lebanon; Oman; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Turkey; United Arab Emirates   Sites Bogazköy (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	ANASSPE	Anas spec.	Aves	Anatidae	Anas	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	ANASSPM	Anas spec. medium	Aves	Anatidae		D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats aquatic habitat   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ANATIND	Anatidae indetermined	Aves	Anatidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats aquatic habitat   Modern Distribution Area all over the world, except Antarctic   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	ANANIND	Anatinae indetermined	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bademagaci (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Domuztepe (1) Menteşe (1)

	ANAIIND	Anatini indetermined	Aves	Anatidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Hazor (1)

	ANATLAR	Anatini large	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats flat freshwater   Modern Distribution Area all over the world except Antarctica   Sites Bogazköy (1)

	ANSEALB	Anser albifrons	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Breeding in open low-lying, shrubby tundra; wintering in open country, steppe and agricultural land, brackish and freshwater marshy habitat   Modern Distribution Area Native: Albania; Armenia (Armenia); Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Belize; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Canada; China; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Egypt; Faroe Islands; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Greenland; Hungary; India; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Kazakhstan; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Mexico; Montenegro; Myanmar; Netherlands; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Poland; Qatar; Romania; Saudi Arabia; Serbia (Serbia); Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Syrian Arab Republic; Taiwan, Province of China; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States; Uzbekistan Vagrant: Afghanistan; Aruba; Bermuda; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba; Curaçao; Jordan; Kuwait; Libya; Liechtenstein; Malta; Mauritania; Morocco; Niger; Nigeria; Palestinian Territory, Occupied; Portugal; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Sint Maarten (Dutch part); Sudan; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Yemen   Sites Korucutepe (1) Menteşe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	ANSEANS	Anser anser	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Breeding: wetlands surrounded by fringing vegetation in open grassland; sedge or heather moorland; arctic tundra; steppe or semi-desert; Nesting: near streams, salt marshes; river flood-plains; reedy marshes; grassy bogs; damp meadows; reed-lined freshwater lakes; estuaries; close to meadows, grasslands, stubble fields and newly sown cereal fields; isolated islands in lakes or along the coast. Before migration (autumn): agricultural land. Non-breeding: lowland farmland in open country; swamps; lakes; reservoirs; coastal lagoons; estuaries.   Modern Distribution Area coastal areas in the far north; Iceland; England; Central Europe; Central- and eastern Asia   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Afis (1)

	ANSEADW	Anser anser / Anser domesticus	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ANSE_AF	Anser anser / Anser fabalis	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	ANSECFA	Anser cf. albifrons	Aves	Anatidae	Anser
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats Breeding in open low-lying, shrubby tundra; wintering in open country, steppe and agricultural land, brackish and freshwater marshy habitat   Modern Distribution Area Native: Albania; Armenia (Armenia); Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Belize; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Canada; China; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Egypt; Faroe Islands; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Greenland; Hungary; India; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Kazakhstan; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Mexico; Montenegro; Myanmar; Netherlands; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Poland; Qatar; Romania; Saudi Arabia; Serbia (Serbia); Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Syrian Arab Republic; Taiwan, Province of China; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States; Uzbekistan Vagrant: Afghanistan; Aruba; Bermuda; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba; Curaçao; Jordan; Kuwait; Libya; Liechtenstein; Malta; Mauritania; Morocco; Niger; Nigeria; Palestinian Territory, Occupied; Portugal; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Sint Maarten (Dutch part); Sudan; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Yemen   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	ANSCFAN	Anser cf. anser	Aves	Anatidae	Anser
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats Breeding: wetlands surrounded by fringing vegetation in open grassland; sedge or heather moorland; arctic tundra; steppe or semi-desert; Nesting: near streams, salt marshes; river flood-plains; reedy marshes; grassy bogs; damp meadows; reed-lined freshwater lakes; estuaries; close to meadows, grasslands, stubble fields and newly sown cereal fields; isolated islands in lakes or along the coast. Before migration (autumn): agricultural land. Non-breeding: lowland farmland in open country; swamps; lakes; reservoirs; coastal lagoons; estuaries.   Modern Distribution Area coastal areas in the far north; Iceland; England; Central Europe; Central- and eastern Asia   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	ANSECFE	Anser cf. erythropus	Aves	Anatidae	Anser
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats Breeding: low-lying bogs, scrub-covered tundra and taiga-forest edges close to wetlands, up to 700 m above sea level. It can also be found on the slopes by lower parts of mountain streams, on mountain foothills, mountain lakes and on alpine precipices, often in thawing boggy areas or on stonefields. Adults undergo a post-breeding flightless summer moult whilst still in their breeding range (in Siberia and Scandinavia adults migrate to areas north of the breeding range or to higher altitudes to exploit large open water fringed with sedge (Carex), or river valleys with long grass and scrub to escape predation)(Kear 2005a). Non-breeding: During winter and on migration this species frequents open short grassland in the steppe and semi-arid zones, particularly in sodic (e.g. seashore) pastures, arable farmland, pastures and meadows. Winter roosting colonies are also formed on large lakes and rivers or in reedbeds and rushes.   Modern Distribution Area Native: Albania; Armenia (Armenia); Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; China; Croatia; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; Georgia; Greece; Hungary; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Japan; Kazakhstan; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Latvia; Lithuania; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Moldova; Mongolia; Montenegro; Norway; Poland; Romania; Serbia (Serbia); Slovakia; Syrian Arab Republic; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan Reintroduced: Belgium; Germany; Netherlands; Sweden Vagrant: Egypt; France; India; Ireland; Israel; Jordan; Myanmar; Oman; Pakistan; Spain; Switzerland; Taiwan, Province of China; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States (Georgia - Native) Present - origin uncertain: Afghanistan; Tajikistan   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	ANSEDOM	Anser domesticus	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Bogazköy (1)

	ANSEERY	Anser erythropus	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats taiga; tundra; steppe; semi-arid zone; grassy, sodic pastures   Modern Distribution Area Sweden; Finland; Norway; Estonia, Lithuania; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Romania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Turkey; Greece; Turkey; Albania; Bulgaria; Kazakhstan; Russia; the White Sea to Ural/Jamal, the southern Taimyr and north-east Siberia; central China; Mongolia; around the Black and Caspian Seas (mainly in Azerbaijan).   Sites

	ANSEFAB	Anser fabalis	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ANSESPE	Anser spec.	Aves	Anatidae	Anser	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1) Menteşe (1) Tel Dor (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	ANSEIND	Anseriformes	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arslantepe (1) Tell Afis (1)

	ANSERIN	Anserinae indetermined	Aves	Anatidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	ANTHVIR	Anthropoides virgo	Aves	Gruidae	Anthropoides	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe   Modern Distribution Area boreal-, steppe- and desert zone from south eastern Europe to central Asia and north western Mongolia and north eastern China; southern Europe; eastern Europe; northern Africa; central Asia   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Afis (1)

	ANURSPE	Anura indetermined	Amphibia			W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arslantepe (1) Giricano (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Megiddo (1)

	APODSYL	Apodemus sylvaticus	Mammalia	Muridae	Apodemus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats all types of woodland; moorland; steppe; arid Mediterranean shrubland; sand dunes; suburban and urban parks; garden; wasteland; pastures; arable fields; forestry plantations   Modern Distribution Area Europe; northern Africa; Ireland; United Kingdom; Iceland; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Monaco; Benelux; Liechtenstein; Switzerland; Germany; Denmark; Sweden; Norway; Lithuania; Belarus; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovenia; Slovakia; Austria; Hungary; Romania; Moldova; Balkan peninsula; Turkey; Algeria; Monaco; Russia; Ukraine; Morocco; Tunisia;   Sites Sos Höyük (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	APUSAPU	Apus apus	Aves	Apodidae	Apus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats rocks; buildings   Modern Distribution Area Palaearctic region except the northern regions, Iceland, northern Scandinavia, the Russian tundra, northern Scotland and the Faröer Islands; Asia minor; Mediterranean; Syria; Asia, except the central Asia steppes; southern regions of Africa (vagrant)   Sites Bastam (1)

	AQUICHR	Aquila chrysaetos	Aves	Accipitridae	Aquila	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Sos Höyük (1)

	AQUIHEL	Aquila heliaca	Aves	Accipitridae	Aquila	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats lowland species that has been pushed to higher altitudes by persecution and habitat loss in Europe; forests up to 1,000 m; steppe; agricultural area with large trees (and nowadays also on electricity pylons); lowland; riverine forest; semi-desert; Breeding: natural steppe and agricultural habitats.   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bangladesh; Bhutan; the Balkans; Cambodia; China; Czech Republic; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Georgia; Hong Kong; Hungary; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Laos; Lebanon; Macao; Moldova; Mongolia; Myanmar; Nepal; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Qatar; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Slovakia; Sudan; Syria; Taiwan; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; Uzbekistan; Viet Nam; Yemen; Vagrant: Belarus; Cameroon; Cyprus; Denmark; Finland; France; Germany; Italy; Libya; Lithuania; Malaysia; Morocco; Poland; Singapore; Slovenia; Sweden   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1)

	AQUIPOM	Aquila pomarina	Aves	Accipitridae	Aquila	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats patchy woodland; lowland area; dry mountain forest; in Africa: sparsely wooded savannah   Modern Distribution Area Central, east and south-east Europe, through Turkey and the Caucasus mountains, as far as southern Russia and Iran; vagrant: from France and Spain, east to Kazakhstan, north as far as Finland and south to the Arabian Peninsula; wintering: southern and eastern regions of Africa (during migration the population is passing through Israel)   Sites Bastam (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	AQUISPE	Aquila spec.	Aves	Accipitridae	Aquila	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area all over the world   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	ARCANOA	Arca noae	Bivalvia	Arcidae		W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	ARDECIN	Ardea cinera	Aves	Ardeidae	Ardea	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats generalist; essential characteristics of its habitat: shallow water, relatively large prey and four or five months of ice-free breeding season   Modern Distribution Area moderate and southern European and Asian regions; Africa except the steppes, deserts and high mountains   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	ARDEIND	Ardeidae indetermined	Aves	Ardeidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats wetland habitat   Modern Distribution Area All continents except the Antarctic   Sites Sos Höyük (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	ARGYHOL	Argyrosomus hololepidotus	Actinopterygii	Sciaenidae	Argyrosomus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	ARGYREG	Argyrosomus regius	Actinopterygii	Sciaenidae	Argyrosomus	w
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	ARGYSPE	Argyrosomus spec.	Actinopterygii	Sciaenidae	Argyrosomus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	ARTIINL	Artiodactyla large	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) El-Lejjun (1) Körtik Tepe (1)

	ARTIINM	Artiodactyla medium	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) El-Lejjun (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1)

	ARTIINS	Artioydactyla indetermined small	Mammalia			D/W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	ARVITER	Arvicola terrestris (Arvicola amphibius)	Mammalia	Cricetidae	Arvicola	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats range of habitats around rivers, streams and marshes; it occurs around streams and irrigation ditches; steep riverbanks with lush grass and vegetation are preferred   Modern Distribution Area Afghanistan; Albania; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; the Balkans; China; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Hungary; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Kazakhstan; Latvia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Moldova; Mongolia; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Romania; Russia; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Sweden; Switzerland; Syria; Turkey; Ukraine; United Kingdom   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	ARVIIND	Arvicolinae indetermined	Mammalia	Cricetidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area Eurasia, Northern America   Sites

	ASIOFLA	Asio flammeus	Aves	Strigidae	Asio	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	ASIOOTI	Asio otis	Aves	Strigidae	Asio	w
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	ASPIASP	Aspius aspius	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae	Aspius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	ATHENOC	Athene noctua	Aves	Strigidae	Athene	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open landscape with groves and burrows; steppe; subtropical semi-desert; desert; olive groves; vineyards; meadow   Modern Distribution Area Europe; northern and south- eastern Africa; Asia; Turkey; Syria; Iraq; Iran; Lebanon; Israel; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Yemen; Egypt ; New Zealand (introduced)   Sites Sos Höyük (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	OTHEIND	Aves indet., Pisces ind., Molluscs indet.	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Emar (1)

	AVESIND	Aves indetermined	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Ashkelon (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bademagaci (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Bouqras (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) El-Lejjun (1) Giricano (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Ilipinar (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Müslümantepe (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	AVESING	Aves indetermined Goose size	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	AVESINH	Aves indetermined huge	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	AVESINL	Aves indetermined large	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Jawa (1) Karataş-Semayük (1)

	AVESILP	Aves indetermined large predatory	Aves			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	AVESINM	Aves indetermined medium	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1)

	AVESINP	Aves indetermined Pelican size	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	AVESINS	Aves indetermined small	Aves			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Jawa (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1)

	AYTHFUL	Aythya fuligula	Aves	Anatidae	Aythya	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats breeding in lowland regions with preference for eutrophic waters 3-5 m deep (avoiding lakes deeper than 15 m) (Kear 2005a), large, freshwater lakes, ponds, reservoirs (del Hoyo   Modern Distribution Area native: Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Belarus; Belgium; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Canada; Chad; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Estonia; Ethiopia; Faroe Islands; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Guam; Hong Kong; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Iran; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Laos; Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Mauritania; Micronesia; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Myanmar; Nepal; Netherlands; Nigeria; Northern Mariana Islands; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Palau; Palestine; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain (Canary Is.); Sri Lanka; Sudan; Sweden; Switzerland; Syria; Taiwan; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Thailand; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States; Uzbekistan; Viet Nam; Western Sahara; Yemen; vagrant: Bermuda; Brunei Darussalam; Cameroon; Cape Verde; Congo; Côte d'Ivoire; Gambia; Gibraltar; Greenland; Malawi; Malta; Marshall Islands; Niger; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Somalia; Svalbard and Jan Mayen   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	AYTHNYR	Aythya nyroca	Aves	Anatidae	Aythya	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats flat freshwater; silting up freshwater   Modern Distribution Area breeds in south-western Asia (east to China and south to Pakistan and India), central and eastern Europe, and north Africa; wintering range overlaps with the breeding range and extends to the Middle East, north-east and west Africa (mainly Mali and Nigeria9) and South-East Asia; Middle East;   Sites Bogazköy (1)

	BALICAR	Balistes carolinensis	Actinopterygii	Balistidae	Balistes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater; shallow waters, over hard bottoms on reefs and rocky areas, lagoons, bays, at depths down to about 55 m.   Modern Distribution Area Western Atlantic from Nova Scotia to Argentina and the eastern Atlantic; Europe and Africa, Mediterranean Sea and off the coast of Angola   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	BARB_ES	Barbus esocinus (Luciobarbus esocinus) / Barbus spec.	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae	Luciobarbus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	BARBSPE	Barbus spec.	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae	Barbus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats freshwater; from lakes to slow flowing rivers and mountain streams   Modern Distribution Area Europe except the northern region; north western Africa; Aral Sea an Caspian Sea and drainage basin of these two; Middle East; river basins of Euphrates and Tigris   Sites Tell Munbāqa (1)

	BIRPIND	Bird of prey indetermined (Falconiformes, Accipitriformes, Strigiformes)	Aves			w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	BISOBON	Bison bonasus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bison	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; forest   Modern Distribution Area Belarus; Poland; Ukraine; Russia; Lithuania; Slovakia (reintroduced)   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Sos Höyük (1)

	BIVAIND	Bivalvia indetermined	Bivalvia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats sea- or freshwater   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Bouqras (1) Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	SIZEGRI	Body size group I (<15 kg)	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1)

	SIZEGII	Body size group II (15-40 kg)	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1)

	SIZEIII	Body size group III (80-250 kg)	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1)

	SIZEGIV	Body size group IV (>250 kg)	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1)

	BOSCFIN	Bos cf. indicus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1) Jawa (1)

	BOSCFPR	Bos cf. primigenius	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Domuztepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	BOSINDI	Bos indicus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area mainly tropical and subtropical areas   Sites Tell Afis (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1)

	BOSPRIM	Bos primigenius	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats post Pleistocene forest; swamps and swamp forest, river valleys, river deltas, bog; dry forest; open parkland   Modern Distribution Area (extinct)   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1) Arslantepe (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Beidha (1) Bogazköy (1) Bouqras (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1)

	BOSBISW	Bos primigenius / Bison bonasus	Mammalia	Bovidae		W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1)

	BOSSPEC	Bos spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Bouqras (1) Çatalhöyük (1) El-Lejjun (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Gritille (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Menteşe (1) Shah Tepe (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	BOS_BIS	Bos spec. / Bison spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Troia (1)

	BOS_EQU	Bos spec. / Equus spec.	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites El-Lejjun (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	BOSDOME	Bos spec. domestic	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1)

	BOSTAUR	Bos taurus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) Acemhöyük (1) Al-Madam 1 - Thuqeibah (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Bademagaci (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Beisamoun (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Bouqras (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) Emar (1) Giricano (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Palaikastro (1) Phaistos (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Chuera (3) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	BOS_TIP	Bos taurus / Bos indicus / Bos primigenius	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	BOS__DW	Bos taurus / Bos primigenius	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bos	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Emar (1) Fikirtepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Küllüoba (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Atchana (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	BOS_CER	Bos taurus / Cervus elaphus	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kinet Höyük (1) Küllüoba (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1)

	BTEAECD	Bos taurus / Equus asinus / Equus caballus	Mammalia			D
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	BOSEAHC	Bos taurus / Equus asinus / Equus hemionus / Equus caballus	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	BOVIIND	Bovidae indetermined	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Arbid (1)

	BOV_CER	Bovidae indetermined / Cervidae indetermined	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1)

	BOVDINL	Bovidae indetermined large	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites El-Lejjun (1)

	BOVDINS	Bovidae indetermined small	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites El-Lejjun (1)

	BOVIINL	Bovini indetermined large	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Shams ed-Din Tannira (1)

	BRACIND	Brachiura indetermined	Malacostraca			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kosak Shamali (1) Megiddo (1) Tell Qarqur (1)

	BREAIND	Bream indetermined	Actinopterygii			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	BUBAARN	Bubalus arnee	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bubalus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats wet grassland; bog forest; swamp; river valleys   Modern Distribution Area India; Indochina; Malaysia; northern Australia (introduced); Brazil (introduced)   Sites

	BUBALDW	Bubalus arnee / Bubalus bubalis	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bubalus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats wet grassland; bog forest; swamp; river valleys   Modern Distribution Area Asia Minor (introduced); northern and eastern Africa (introduced); southern Europe (introduced); India; Indochina; Malaysia; Japan (introduced); Mauritius (introduced); Madagascar (introduced); northern Australia (introduced); South and Central America (introduced); Hawaii (introduced); Brazil (introduced)   Sites

	BUBABUB	Bubalus bubalis	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bubalus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats wet grassland; bog forest; swamp; river valleys   Modern Distribution Area Asia Minor (introduced); northern and eastern Africa (introduced); southern Europe (introduced); India; Indochina; Malaysia; Japan (introduced); Mauritius (introduced); Madagascar (introduced); northern Australia (introduced); South and Central America (introduced); Hawaii (introduced)   Sites

	BUBASPE	Bubalus spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae	Bubalus	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Shams ed-Din Tannira (1)

	BUBOBUB	Bubo bubo	Aves	Strigidae	Bubo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats mountains; forest with cliffs and rocky areas   Modern Distribution Area Eurasia except the most northern parts; from northern Africa south to the Sahara; in Eurasia from western Europe to middle and northern Europe to eastern Siberia; south to Arabia, southern India and southern China; Turkmenistan (regionally extinct); Bahrain (vagrant); Gibraltar (vagrant)   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Korucutepe (1)

	BUCCCOR	Buccinulum corneum (Euthria cornea)	Gastropoda	Buccinidae	Buccinulum (Euthria)	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area European waters, Greek Exclusive Economic Zone, Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone, South West Coast of Apulia, Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Burak (1)

	BUCECLA	Bucephala clangula	Aves	Anatidae	Bucephala	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats standing waters; lakes; inland waters; lagoons; quiet coastal area   Modern Distribution Area southern Bohemia; Dnepr-Delta; Danube-Delta; eastern-, central-, northern Europe; Asia, North America; Palaearctic regions; northern coniferous forest-zone   Sites

	BUFOVIR	Bufo viridis	Amphibia	Bufonidae	Bufo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats opportunistic: areas with available water sources   Modern Distribution Area Oman; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Yemen   Sites Bastam (1) Korucutepe (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	BUFO_BV	Bufo viridis / Bufo bufo mediterraneus	Amphibia	Bufonidae	Bufo	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kalapodi (1)

	BULIALE	Buliminus alepensis	Gastropoda	Enidae	Buliminus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats no data found   Modern Distribution Area southern Turkey; northern Syria; northern Iraq   Sites Tell Munbāqa (1)

	BURHOED	Burhinus oedicnemus	Aves	Burhinidae	Burhinus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry, rocky area; open habitat   Modern Distribution Area from western France and southern England to the Black Sea region and Anatolia; in the south to Spain, Sicilia, Crete and Cyprus; Canaries; southern Greece; northern Africa; Asia Minor; Middle East; southern Iraq; Iran; From the Wolga Region to Central Asia including Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan; India; Korea; Vietnam   Sites Bastam (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	BUTEBUT	Buteo buteo	Aves	Accipitridae	Buteo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats small forests; open landscape; meadows; grassland; heathland; wetland   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Africa; Asia; Turkey; Syria; Iraq; Iran; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Saudi Arabia; Oman; Qatar; United Arab Emirates   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	BUTERUF	Buteo rufinus	Aves	Accipitridae	Buteo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats mountainous habitat; open habitat; dry-steppe; semi-desert; desert; open, uncultivated area with high bushes, trees, cliffs and hillocks are favoured as nesting areas   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Albania; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Benin; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Cameroon; Cape Verde; Central African Republic; Chad; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Lebanon; Libya; Macedonia; Mali; Mauritania; Mongolia; Morocco; Myanmar; Nepal; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Poland; Romania; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sri Lanka; Sudan; Syria; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United States (Georgia); Uzbekistan; Western Sahara; Yemen; Vagrant: Belarus; Belgium; Botswana; Denmark; Finland; France; Gambia; Ghana; Malawi; Malta; Netherlands; Norway; Portugal; Somalia; Sweden; Switzerland; Tanzania; Togo   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	BUTESPE	Buteo spec.	Aves	Accipitridae	Buteo	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area all over the world   Sites Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1)

	CAMEDDW	C. dromedarius domestic / C. dromedarius wild	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats hot desert   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Rehov (1)

	CAMEBAC	Camelus bactrianus	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry steppe; semi desert zone   Modern Distribution Area from Asia Minor to northern China   Sites Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	CAMELDW	Camelus bactrianus / Camelus ferus	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats dry steppe; semi desert zone   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CAMEBDD	Camelus bactrianus dom. / Camelus dromedarius dom.	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bastam (1) Beth Shean (1) Shah Tepe (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	CAMECDR	Camelus cf. dromedarius	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	CAMEDRD	Camelus dromedarius	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats hot desert   Modern Distribution Area Arabian Peninsula (probably not introduced); northern Africa (introduced); northern India (introduced); Central Australia (introduced)   Sites Megiddo (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1)

	CAMEDRW	Camelus dromedarius	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats hot desert   Modern Distribution Area (extinct)   Sites

	CAMEFER	Camelus ferus	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry steppe; semi desert zone   Modern Distribution Area Central Asia; Mongolia - Gobi desert   Sites

	CAMESPE	Camelus spec.	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Ashkelon (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	CAMESPD	Camelus spec. Only domestic species	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus	D
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kavuşan Höyük (1)

	CANIIND	Canidae indetermined	Mammalia	Canidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bademagaci (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Jawa (1) Küllüoba (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Troia (1)

	CANIINS	Canidae indetermined small	Mammalia	Canidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1)

	CANIAUR	Canis aureus	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry, open country; arid grassland   Modern Distribution Area south-eastern Europe through Asia Minor to Iran; northern Arabia; India; Burma; Thailand; in Africa from Senegal to Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia and Kenya   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Domuztepe (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Halif (1)

	CANI_AF	Canis aureus / Canis familiaris	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1)

	CANIAFL	Canis aureus / Canis familiaris / Canis lupus	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	CACFFAM	Canis cf. familiaris	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	CANICLU	Canis cf. lupus	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bogazköy (1) Jawa (1)

	CANIFAM	Canis familiaris	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Acemhöyük (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Ashkelon (1) Bademagaci (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Bouqras (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) Emar (1) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Gritille (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Mylouthkia (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Palaikastro (1) Phaistos (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Chuera (3) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CANISDW	Canis familiaris / Canis lupus	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Küllüoba (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Mozan (1) Troia (1)

	CANFVUS	Canis familiaris / Vulpes spec.	Mammalia	Canidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bouqras (1)

	CAF_VUV	Canis familiaris / Vulpes vulpes	Mammalia	Canidae		D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kinet Höyük (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Ulucak (1)

	CANILUP	Canis lupus	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats all habitats of the northern hemisphere, except arid desert   Modern Distribution Area Iberia; Italy; eastern Europe; Scandinavia; Asia Minor; Arabian Peninsula; Asia except the south eastern part; North America; western Greenland   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bastam (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Fikirtepe (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kalapodi (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1)

	CANISPE	Canis spec.	Mammalia	Canidae	Canis	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Arjoune (1) Ashkelon (1) Beisamoun (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) El-Lejjun (1) Gritille (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tel Dor (1) Tell Rehov (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	CAPOCAP	Capoeta capoeta	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae	Capoeta	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Inhabits mainly the drier parts as well as the upper reaches of rivers in mountains and the lower reaches which sometimes end in marshes or deserts. Feeds primarily on plants. Spawns mostly on stony ground in rivers.   Modern Distribution Area Asia: Baluchistan in Pakistan, and western Asia. Also former USSR   Sites

	CAPRAEG	Capra aegagrus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats arid country; alpine meadow; forest   Modern Distribution Area central Afghanistan and southern Pakistan; western Iran; western Turkmenistan; northern Iraq; Armenia; Azerbaijan; north eastern Georgia; southern Russia; south western   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bastam (1) Bogazköy (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) Emar (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Küllüoba (1) Phaistos (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CAPR_AN	Capra aegagrus / Capra nubiana	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Beidha (1)

	CAPRCFA	Capra cf. aegagrus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	CAPRCAI	Capra cf. aegagrus/ibex	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	CAPRFAL	Capra falconeri	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats mountainous terrain between 600 m and 3600 m; scrub forest   Modern Distribution Area north eastern Afghanistan; northern India, south western Jammu and Kashmir; northern and central Pakistan; southern Tajikistan; southern Uzbekistan   Sites

	CAPRHIR	Capra hircus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) Acemhöyük (1) Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) Emar (1) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Palaikastro (1) Phaistos (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Chuera (3) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CAPR_DW	Capra hircus / Capra aegagrus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Bademagaci (1) Bouqras (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Emar (1) Küllüoba (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Tel Te'o (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CHIAEOA	Capra hircus / Capra aegagrus / Ovis aries	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Mylouthkia (1)

	OCDW_CA	Capra hircus / Capra aegagrus / Ovis aries / Ovis orientalis / Capreolus capreolus	Mammalia
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Mezraa Hoyük (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1)

	CAPRIBE	Capra ibex	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open, rocky habitat above the tree line; steep, south-facing slops with rugged topography and grassy vegetation; below the tree line: open, sunny woodland interspersed with rocky outcrops   Modern Distribution Area Italy; Austria (reintroduced); France (reintroduced); Germany (reintroduced); Switzerland (reintroduced); Bulgaria (introduced); Slovenia (introduced)   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	CAPRNUB	Capra nubiana	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats rocky, desert mountains with steep slopes and hills; plateaus; canyons; wadis   Modern Distribution Area Israel; West Jordan; western and central Saudi Arabia (introduced); Yemen; southern Oman; Egypt east of the Nile; north eastern Sudan; northern Ethiopia; western Eritrea   Sites Arslantepe (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	CAPRSPW	Capra nubiana / Capra falconerie	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CAPRSPE	Capra spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae	Capra	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Dhuweila (1) El-Lejjun (1) Gritille (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Kouphovouno (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	CAOVDAS	Capra spec. / Ovis spec. / Dama spec.	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CAPRCAP	Capreolus capreolus	Mammalia	Cervidae	Capreolus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats edge of the forest zone; forest; fields   Modern Distribution Area northern Turkey; Iraq; Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea; Levant; Scotland; northern England; Europe   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bademagaci (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Domuztepe (1) Fikirtepe (1) Fikirtepe (2) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Kalapodi (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Kouphovouno (1) Menteşe (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shah Tepe (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CAP_GAZ	Capreolus capreolus / Gazella spec.	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Hadidi (1)

	CAPRESP	Capreolus spec.	Mammalia	Cervidae	Capreolus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Gritille (1)

	CAS_GAS	Capreolus spec. / Gazella spec.	Mammalia			w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	CAPRIND	Caprinae indetermined	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Küllüoba (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1)

	CAPIEQU	Caprinae indetermined / Equus spec.	0	0		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	CARACAR	Caracal caracal (Felis caracal)	Mammalia	Felidae	Felis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats from semi-desert to open savanna and scrubland to moist woodland and thicket or montane forest; up to 2,500 m and exceptionally 3,300 m   Modern Distribution Area Across Africa, Central Asia, and south-west Asia into India. Afghanistan; Algeria; Angola; Benin; Botswana; Burkina Faso; Cameroon; Chad; Congo; Côte d'Ivoire; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Gambia; Ghana; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Kuwait; Lebanon; Lesotho; Malawi; Mali; Mauritania; Morocco; Mozambique; Namibia; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Pakistan; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Somalia; South Africa; Sudan; Swaziland; Syria; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Togo; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uganda; United Arab Emirates; Uzbekistan; Western Sahara; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) El Kowm II (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	CARAIND	Carangidae indetermined	Actinopterygii	Carangidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	CARCIND	Carcharhinidae indetermined	Chondrichthyes	Carcharhinidae		w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	CARDIND	Cardiidae indetermined	Bivalvia	Cardiidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats intertidal, in sandy and silty ground; seawater   Modern Distribution Area worldwide   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1)

	CARNIND	Carnivora indetermined	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Ashkelon (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Menteşe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	CARNINL	Carnivora indetermined large	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Megiddo (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1)

	CARNINM	Carnivora indetermined middle	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Küllüoba (1) Troia (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CARNINS	Carnivora indetermined small	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) Acemhöyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Emar (1) Kalapodi (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CARNINW	Carnivora indetermined wild	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Mozan (1)

	CASTFIB	Castor fiber	Mammalia	Castoridae	Castor	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater systems, surrounded by woodland   Modern Distribution Area Spain; France; Benelux; Germany; Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Italy; Denmark; Sweden; Norway; Baltic States; Finland; Belarus; Poland; Russia; Kazakhstan; Mongolia; China; Croatia; Czech Republic; Serbia; Slovakia; Hungary; Romania; Montenegro; Ukraine (from Spain reintroduced)   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1) Bastam (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Troia (1)

	CERAEDU	Cerastoderma edule	Bivalvia	Cardiidae	Cerastoderma
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ilipinar (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	CERAGLA	Cerastoderma glaucum	Bivalvia	Cardiidae	Cerastoderma	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1)

	CERAERI	Ceratostoma erinaceum	Gastropoda	Muricidae	Ceratostoma	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	CERISPE	Cerithium spec.	Gastropoda	Cerithiidae	Cerithium	w
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	CERIVUL	Cerithium vulgatum	Bivalvia	Cerithiidae	Cerithium	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	CERNVIR	Cernuella virgata	Gastropoda	Hygromiidae	Cernuella	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	CERVIND	Cervidae indetermined	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats grassland; fen; forest; tundra   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bademagaci (1) Bademagaci (2) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Küllüoba (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	CERVINA	Cervidae indetermined antler	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	LARGCER	Cervidae indetermined large	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çatalhöyük (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	CERLOVC	Cervidae indetermined large / ovicaprids (Ovis aries, Capra hircus)	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	CERVINM	Cervidae indetermined medium	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kaman-Kalehöyük (1)

	CERVINS	Cervidae indetermined small	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çatalhöyük (1)

	CERSOVC	Cervidae indetermined small / ovicaprids (Ovis aries, Capra hircus)	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	CER_DAM	Cervus / Dama	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	CERVELA	Cervus elaphus	Mammalia	Cervidae	Cervus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats woodland   Modern Distribution Area forested mountains along the Black sea coast; Turkey; Iran - northern Alburz   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Acemhöyük (1) Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arjoune (1) Arjoune (2) Arslantepe (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bademagaci (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (2) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) Emar (1) Fikirtepe (2) Giricano (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (2) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Karataş-Semayük (2) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Menteşe (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1)

	CERVCAP	Cervus elaphus / Capreolus capreolus	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1)

	CEDCDCC	Cervus elaphus / Dama cf. dama / Capreolus capreolus	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1)

	CEL_DDA	Cervus elaphus / Dama dama	Mammalia	Cervidae		W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Domuztepe (1) Höyücek (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Tell Atchana (1) Ulucak (1)

	CERVSPE	Cervus spec.	Mammalia	Cervidae	Cervus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Gritille (1)

	CETAIND	Cetacea indetermined
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ACCGCF	cf. Accipiter gentilis	Aves	Accipitridae		W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ATHENCF	cf. Athene noctua	Aves
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	CFBOSPR	cf. Bos primigenius	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	CFBOSTA	cf. Bos taurus	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	CFCADRO	cf. Camelus dromedarius (domestic camel)	Mammalia	Camelidae	Camelus
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Dara (1)

	CFCAOVI	cf. Capra hircus / cf. Ovis aries	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	CAPRCAC	cf. Capreolus capreolus
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	CFCERVE	Cf. Cervus elaphus	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arjoune (1)

	CFEQUUA	cf. Equus africanus	Mammalia	Equidae		D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	CFEQUAH	Cf. Equus asinus / hemionus	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arjoune (1)

	CFEQUUH	cf. Equus hemionus	Mammalia	Equidae		D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	FRISPCF	cf. Fringilla spec.	Aves	Fringillidae	Fringilla	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	CFGAZES	cf. Gazella subgutturosa	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	GLISGCF	cf. Glis glis	0
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CFOTIST	Cf. Otis tarda	Aves			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CFOVIAR	cf. Ovis aries	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	CFOVISO	cf. Ovis orientalis	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	PERDPCF	cf. Perdix perdix	0
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	CFPLATL	cf. Platalea leucorodia	Aves	Threskiornithidae	Platalea	D / W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CFSUSSC	Cf. Sus scrofa	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1)

	CHAMCHA	Chamaeleo chamaeleon	Reptilia	Chamaeleonidae	Chamaeleo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	CHAMGAL	Chamelea gallina	Bivalvia	Veneridae	Chamelea	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	CHARLAM	Charonia lampas	Gastropoda	Ranellidae	Charonia	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	CHARSPE	Charonia spec.	Gastropoda	Ranellidae	Charonia	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats temperate and tropical waters   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1) Tell Burak (1)

	CHEMCAC	Chelonia mydas / Caretta caretta	Reptilia	Cheloniidae		w
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	CHELIND	Cheloniidae indetermined	Reptilia	Cheloniidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats subtropical and tropical sea   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1)

	CHIRIND	Chiroptera indetermined	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arslantepe (1)

	CHLAUND	Chlamydotis undulata	Aves	Otididae	Chlamydotis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats sandy and stony semi-desert; arid habitat where trees are absent and there shrub cover and herb layer are sparse; scrub forest in in Saudi Arabia   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	CONDIND	Chondrichtyes indetermined
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	CLARBAG	Chrysichthys auratus / Bagrus bajad	Actinopterygii			W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	CICOCIC	Ciconia ciconia	Aves	Ciconiidae	Ciconia	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open area; aquatic habitats; water meadows; damp pastures; shallow marshes; lakesides; lagoons; flood-plains; rice-fields; arable land; Non-breeding: drier habitats; grassland; steppe; savannah; cultivated fields; often gathering near lakes, ponds and slow-flowing streams   Modern Distribution Area Europe; western Asia; northern Africa   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1) Shah Tepe (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	CIRCGAL	Circaetus gallicus	Aves	Accipitridae	Circaetus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open cultivated plain; arid stony deciduous scrub area; foothills; semi-desert; requires trees for nesting   Modern Distribution Area native   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	CIRCAER	Circus aeruginosus	Aves	Accipitridae	Circus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats wetland; farmland and grassland, particularly where these last two border marshland   Modern Distribution Area northern Africa; Europe; Asia; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Cyprus; Georgia; Egypt; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Libya; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Turkey; United Arab Emirates   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Sos Höyük (1)

	CIRCCYA	Circus cyaneus	Aves	Accipitridae	Circus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	CIRCSPE	Circus spec.	Aves	Accipitridae	Circus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	CLARGAR	Clarias gariepinus	Actinopterygii	Clariidae	Clarias	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater   Modern Distribution Area Africa: almost Pan-Africa, absent from Maghreb, the upper and lower Guinea and the Cape province and probably also Nogal province. Asia: Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, Syria and southern Turkey. Widely introduced to other parts of Africa, Europe and Asia.   Sites Tel Dor (1) Tell Burak (1)

	CLARSPE	Clarias spec.	Actinopterygii	Clariidae	Clarias	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tilbeshar (1)

	CLARIND	Clariidae indetermined	Actinopterygii	Clariidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Hazor (1)

	COCCCOC	Coccothraustes coccothraustes	Aves	Fringillidae	Coccothraustes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats deciuous forest with under storey; mixed scrub-forest with under storey; habitats in proximity to water; mixed orchards; parks   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Andorra; Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Egypt; Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Korea; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Malta; Moldova; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain (Canary Islands); Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Sweden; Switzerland; Taiwan; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Kingdom; Uzbekistan; Vagrant: Faroe Islands; Gibraltar; Ireland; Saudi Arabia; Syria; United States (Georgia - Native)   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	COLUSPE	Coluber spec.	Reptilia	Colubridae	Coluber	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats dry and warm habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	COLULIV	Columba livia	Aves	Columbidae	Columba	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats cliffs; montane area; open land; cultural land; fallow land   Modern Distribution Area Ireland; Scotland; Faroe Islands; Shetland Islands; from Mediterranean to the Caspian Sea; Eurasia; Africa   Sites Jawa (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	COLULDW	Columba livia / Columba livia domestic	Aves	Columbidae	Columba	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bastam (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	COLU_LO	Columba livia / Columba oenas	Aves	Columbidae	Columba	D ? / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	COLULID	Columba livia domestic	Aves	Columbidae	Columba	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Tell Hadidi (1)

	COLUOEN	Columba oenas	Aves	Columbidae	Columba	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open mixed and broadleaf forest; broken forest; forest edge; open land with small woods; parkland; open cultivated land   Modern Distribution Area from Europe and northern Africa to western Siberia and middle Asia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Syria; Vagrant: Faroe Islands Lebanon; Libya; Oman; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Kuwait; Afghanistan; Gibraltar; Tunisia; Kyrgyzstan; Japan   Sites Tell Hadidi (1)

	COLUPAL	Columba palumbus	Aves	Columbidae	Columba	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats wooded landscape; park; human settlement   Modern Distribution Area Europe except the most northern areas; Palaearctic from northern Africa, Portugal and Ireland to western Siberia and Asia Minor to Cashmere   Sites Bastam (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Korucutepe (1)

	COLMSPE	Columba spec.	Aves	Columbidae	Columba
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	COLURUS	Columbella rustica	Gastropoda	Columbellidae	Columbella	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats rocky shores; seawater   Modern Distribution Area European Marine Waters; Banc d'Arguin (Mauretania); coast of Gabon; Red Sea   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	COLUIND	Columbidae indetermined	Aves	Columbidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Tell Afis (1)

	CONUMED	Conus mediterraneus	Gastropoda	Conidae	Conus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats shallow water; intertidal zone   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean Sea; adjacent areas to the Canary and Cape Verde Islands   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1)

	CONUSPE	Conus spec.	Gastropoda	Conidae	Conus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats reefs; from shallow intertidal habitats to deep water   Modern Distribution Area tropical Oceans of the world; tropical waters of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean; Mediterranean Sea   Sites Höyücek (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	CORCORA	Corvus corax	Aves	Corvidae	Corvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats high mountains; forest; semi-open and open landscapes in every form; cultural land   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CORVCOR	Corvus corone	Aves	Corvidae	Corvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats semi-open and open land; edge of the forest zone; residential area   Modern Distribution Area Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Jordan; Syria; Egypt; Europe; western Asia; Siberia; Vagrant: Libya; Malta; Morocco; Svalbard Jan Mayen; Tunisia; Algeria; Gibraltar; Greenland; Iceland; Hong Kong   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	CORV_CF	Corvus corone / Corvus frugilegus	Aves	Corvidae	Corvus	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Korucutepe (1) Menteşe (1)

	CORVFRU	Corvus frugilegus	Aves	Corvidae	Corvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats cultivated land; residential area   Modern Distribution Area Iberian Peninsula; Ireland; United Kingdom; France; Benelux; Denmark; Germany; Faroe Islands; Switzerland; Italy; Austria; Liechtenstein; Sweden; Norway; Baltic States; Finland; Belarus; Poland; Russia; Czech Republic; Balkan Peninsula; Cyprus; Turkey; Iran, Iraq; Syria; Israel; Lebanon; Egypt; Ukraine; Central Asia; China; Japan; Korea; Algeria (vagrant); Greenland (vagrant); Iceland (vagrant); Jordan (vagrant); Kuwait (vagrant); Malta (vagrant); Taiwan (vagrant)   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	CORVMON	Corvus monedula	Aves	Corvidae	Corvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forested steppe; woodland; grassland; cultural land; ruins; canyons; cliffs; villages; towns   Modern Distribution Area from Europe and northern Africa across Iran to north western India and Siberia   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Menteşe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	CORVRHI	Corvus rhipidurus	Aves	Corvidae	Corvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open dry land with rocks; desert   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	CORVRUF	Corvus ruficollis	Aves	Corvidae	Corvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Algeria; Burkina Faso; Cape Verde; Chad; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Kuwait; Libya; Mali; Mauritania; Morocco; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Somalia; Sudan; Syria; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkmenistan; United Arab Emirates; Uzbekistan; Western Sahara; Yemen; Vagrant: Bahrain; Gambia; Turkey   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	COTUCOT	Coturnix coturnix	Aves	Phasianidae	Coturnix	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats field; grassland   Modern Distribution Area Eurasia; north western Africa; southern Africa; Madagascar   Sites Bastam (1) Dhuweila (1) Dhuweila (2) Göbekli Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	CRICETI	Cricetinae indetermined	Mammalia	Cricetidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area dry and semi-dry regions of Eurasia   Sites Bastam (1)

	CRICMIG	Cricetulus migratorius	Mammalia	Cricetidae	Cricetulus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Arid areas with relatively sparse vegetation, dry grasslands, steppes and semideserts, agricultural land and gardens, sometimes even living in houses; forest and damp habitats are avoided    Modern Distribution Area Native:   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1)

	CRICCRI	Cricetus cricetus	Mammalia	Cricetidae	Cricetus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Horum Hüyük (1)

	CROCLEU	Crocidura leucodon	Mammalia	Soricidae	Crocidura	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Sos Höyük (1)

	CROCSPE	Crocidura spec.	Mammalia	Soricidae	Crocidura	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area Eurasia, Africa   Sites

	CRUSIND	Crustacea indetermined				W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats freshwater; seawater; land   Modern Distribution Area 4   Sites Horum Hüyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Türbe Höyük (1)

	CURSCUR	Cursorius cursor	Aves	Glareolidae	Cursorius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry, open landscape; semi-desert   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Algeria; Bahrain; Burkina Faso; Cape Verde; Chad; Egypt; Greece; Hungary; India; Iran; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Jordan; Kuwait; Lebanon; Libya; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Morocco; Niger; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Spain; Sudan; Syria; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; United Arab Emirates; Uzbekistan; Western Sahara; Yemen; Vagrant: Austria; Belgium; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Finland; France; Gambia; Germany; Ghana; Italy; Kazakhstan; Luxembourg; Montenegro; Netherlands; Nigeria; Norway; Portugal; Slovakia; Slovenia; Sweden; Switzerland; United Kingdom   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	CYCLNER	Cyclope neritea	Gastropoda	Nassariidae	Cyclope	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	CYGNCYG	Cygnus cygnus	Aves	Anatidae	Cygnus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats breeding: islands; banks of shallow freshwater pools; lakes; slow-flowing rivers; marshes; bog; preference for habitats with abundant emergent vegetation and reed beds in coniferous zones, birch forest zones, shrub-forest. non-breeders in breeding-season: flocks; sheltered coasts; estuaries; lagoons and shallow bays; non-breeding season: lakes; estuaries; sheltered coasts; freshwater lakes; coastal agricultural land; wet pastures   Modern Distribution Area subarctic Eurasia; Greenland; Iceland; Faroe Islands; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Ireland; United Kingdom; Spain; France; Benelux; Denmark; Germany; Sweden; Norway; Finland; Baltic States; Russia; Poland; Czech Republic; Switzerland; Austria; Italy; Romania; Balkan peninsula; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Afghanistan; Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Ukraine; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Pakistan; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Nepal; India; Taiwan; China; Japan; Korea; United States; Vagrant: Portugal; Tunisia; Algeria; Egypt; Cyprus; Hungary; Israel; United Arab Emirates; Liechtenstein; Luxembourg   Sites

	CYGNSPE	Cygnus spec.	Aves	Anatidae	Cygnus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats fen; slow flowing rivers; flat lakes   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	CYPRANN	Cypraea annulus	Gastropoda	Cypraeidae	Cypraea	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Intertidal; under stones; among seaweeds   Modern Distribution Area western Indo-pacific region; from East Africa to the Central Pacific Ocean   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	CYPRSPE	Cypraea spec.	Gastropoda	Cypraeidae	Cypraea	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats shallow water   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1)

	CYPRSPU	Cypraea spurca	Gastropoda	Cypraeidae	Cypraea	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats shallow water   Modern Distribution Area western Central Atlantic   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	CYPRIND	Cyprinidae indetermined	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats freshwater; brackwater   Modern Distribution Area North America; Europe; Africa; Asia; except the desert zones and north of the Arctic Circle   Sites Fikirtepe (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	CYPRCAR	Cyprinus carpio	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae	Cyprinus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Warm, deep, slow-flowing and still waters; lowland rivers; large, well vegetated lakes; all types of waters; spawn: along shores or in backwaters (successful survival of larvae only in very warm water, among shallow submerged vegetation)   Modern Distribution Area Black, Caspian and Ural Sea basins; throughout the world (introduced)   Sites Arslantepe (1) Bogazköy (1) Horum Hüyük (1)

	DAMACFM	Dama cf. mesopotamica	Mammalia	Cervidae	Dama	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tilbeshar (1)

	DAMCFMA	Dama cf. mesopotamica antler	Mammalia	Cervidae	Dama	W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	DAMADAM	Dama dama	Mammalia	Cervidae	Dama	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest; park-woodland   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean; Asia Minor; Europe (introduced)   Sites Bademagaci (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) Fikirtepe (2) Hagia Triada (1) Hazor (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Kalapodi (1) Küllüoba (1) Menteşe (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (2) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Sos Höyük (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	DAMA_DM	Dama dama / Dama mesopotamica	Mammalia	Cervidae	Dama	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Tell Atchana (1)

	DAMADAA	Dama dama antler	Mammalia	Cervidae	Dama	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	DAMAMES	Dama mesopotamica	Mammalia	Cervidae	Dama	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats woodland   Modern Distribution Area Iran; Israel (reintroduced)   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Beisamoun (1) Beth Shean (1) Emar (2) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Horum Hüyük (2) Jawa (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Megiddo (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Mylouthkia (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	DAMASPE	Dama spec.	Mammalia	Cervidae	Dama	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bouqras (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Gritille (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	DAMCAPS	Dama spec. / Capreolus spec.	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	DAM_GAZ	Dama spec. / Gazella spec.	Mammalia			w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	DECAIND	Decapoda indetermined	Malacostraca			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats seawater; coastal zone; land   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Atchana (1) Tell Burak (1)

	DENTSEX	Dentalium sexangulum Schroeter	Scaphopoda	Dentaliidae	Dentalium	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area (extinct)   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	DENTSPE	Dentalium spec.	Scaphopoda	Dentalidae	Dentalium	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	DICELAB	Dicentrarchus labrax	Actinopterygii	Moronidae	Dicentrarchus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	DICEHEM	Dicerorhinus hemitoechus	Mammalia	Rhinocerotidae	Dicerorhinus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area Asia (extinct), Africa (extinct)   Sites

	DONATRU	Donax trunculus	Bivalvia	Donacidae	Donax	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	ECHIIND	Echinoidea indetermined	Echinoidea			w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	ESSTRUC	Egg shells of Struthio camelus	Aves	Struthionidae	Struthio	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ELEPMAX	Elephas cf. maximus	Mammalia	Elephantidae	Elephas	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats habitats from thick jungle to grassy plain (generalists)   Modern Distribution Area India; Nepal; Sri Lanka; Bhutan; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Kambodcha; Vietnam; Malaysia; Indonesia   Sites Tell Atchana (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	ELEPHMA	Elephas maximus	Mammalia	Elephantidae	Elephas	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Emar (1)

	ELEPSPE	Elephas spec.	Mammalia	Elephantidae	Elephas
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	ELLOSPE	Elephas/Loxodonta spec.	Mammalia	Elephantidae
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	ELLOFUS	Ellobius fuscocapillus	Mammalia	Cricetidae	Ellobius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open steppe; cultivated fields; shallow mountainside soil   Modern Distribution Area Iran; Pakistan; Afghanistan; Turkmenistan   Sites Bastam (1)

	EMBESCH	Emberiza schoeniclus	Aves	Emberizidae	Emberiza	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1)

	EMYSORB	Emys orbicularis	Reptilia	Emydidae	Emys	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats semi-aquatic - ponds; lakes; brooks; streams; rivers; drainage canals   Modern Distribution Area western, southern and eastern Europe; Central Europe; Turkey; Central Asia; northern Africa ; Belgium (introduced); Luxembourg (introduced); United Kingdom (introduced); Cyprus (presence uncertain); Iraq (presence uncertain)   Sites Fikirtepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Shah Tepe (1)

	EPINSPE	Epinephelus spec.	Actinopterygii	Serranidae	Epinephelus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area tropical and subtropical regions of all oceans   Sites Tel Dor (1) Tell Burak (1)

	EQUIIND	Equidae indetermined	Mammalia	Equidae
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Hazor (1) Küllüoba (1) Tell Arbid (1)

	EQUIIDC	Equidae indetermined domestic and crossbreeds	Mammalia	Equidae		D
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	EQUILAR	Equidae indetermined large	Mammalia	Equidae
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1)

	EQUIISM	Equidae indetermined small	Mammalia	Equidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1)

	EQUISMA	Equidae indetermined small	Mammalia	Equidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1)

	EQUIINW	Equidae indetermined wild	Mammalia	Equidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Horum Hüyük (1) Küllüoba (1)

	EQUIIDO	Equidae indetermined, only domestic species	Mammalia	Equidae		D
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	EQUISMM	Equididae indetermined small-medium	Mammalia	Equidae
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çatalhöyük (1)

	EQUUAFR	Equus africanus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats stony desert country   Modern Distribution Area Eritrea; Ethiopia; Somalia; reserve in Israel   Sites

	EQUUASI	Equus asinus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Bastam (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Emar (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Kalapodi (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Megiddo (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	EQUUASH	Equus asinus * Equus hemionus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	EQUU_AC	Equus asinus / Equus caballus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Hazor (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	EQUU_AH	Equus asinus / Equus hemionus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Arjoune (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Dhuweila (1) Domuztepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	EQUUAHC	Equus asinus / Equus hemionus / Equus caballus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Bderi (1)

	EQUU_AM	Equus asinus / MULI	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Korucutepe (1)

	EQUUCAB	Equus caballus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Emar (1) Giricano (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Kalapodi (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Shah Tepe (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	EQUUCAM	Equus caballus / Equus asinus / MULE	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	EQUUSDW	Equus caballus / Equus ferus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Tell Atchana (1) Yarikkaya (1)

	EQUUCAS	Equus cf. asinus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Giricano (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Jawa (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Müslümantepe (1)

	EQUUCCA	Equus cf. caballus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Giricano (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Jawa (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	EQUUCFF	Equus cf. ferus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D / W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	EQUUCHE	Equus cf. hemionus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Horum Hüyük (1) Jawa (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1)

	EQUUFER	Equus ferus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; grassland; semiarid shrub country; forest; climatic engaged (?)   Modern Distribution Area Central Asia; (Zoos)   Sites Çatalhöyük (1) Küllüoba (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	EQUUHEM	Equus hemionus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats desert; salt flats; gravel plains; open plains   Modern Distribution Area Iran; Israel (reintroduced); Mongolia; Turkmenistan; Kazakhstan (reintroduced); Saudi Arabia (reintroduced); Ukraine (reintroduced); Uzbekistan (reintroduced); India; China;   Sites Bastam (1) Beidha (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Emar (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1)

	EQUU_HA	Equus hemionus / Equus africanus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kaman-Kalehöyük (1)

	EQUUHHF	Equus hemionus / Equus hydruntinus / Equus ferus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Sos Höyük (1)

	EQUUHYD	Equus hydruntinus	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area (extinct)   Sites Küllüoba (1)

	EQUUSPE	Equus spec.	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) Acemhöyük (1) Ashkelon (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bastam (1) Bogazköy (1) Bouqras (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Dhuweila (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) El-Lejjun (1) Emar (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Höyücek (1) Jawa (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Palaikastro (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Chuera (4) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	EQUUSPD	Equus spec. Only domestic species	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Başur Höyük (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Müslümantepe (1)

	ERINCON	Erinaceus concolor	Mammalia	Erinaceidae	Erinaceus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats from urban, suburban and agricultural areas to natural vegetation   Modern Distribution Area Rhodes; from Asia Minor to Israel, Syria, Lebanon, northern Iraq and north western Iran; southern Caucasus   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Bastam (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kalapodi (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	ERINEUR	Erinaceus europaeus	Mammalia	Erinaceidae	Erinaceus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats man-made habitats like orchards, vineyards, farmland, parks and gardens; deciduous woodland; forest edge; grassland   Modern Distribution Area British Isles; Iberian Peninsula; France; Italy; Switzerland; Austria; Benelux; Germany; southern Scandinavia; southern Finland; Norway; Baltic States; in north-western Russia to the Ural Mountains; Poland; Czech Republic; Poland; Slovenia; Croatia   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Jawa (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Troia (1)

	ERINSPE	Erinaceus spec.	Mammalia	Erinaceidae	Erinaceus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats open forest; shrub land; meadow; cultural land   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1) Gritille (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tell Rehov (1) Troia (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	ESOXLUC	Esox lucius	Actinopterygii	Esocidae		W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	FALCCTI	Falco cf. tinnunculus	Aves	Falconidae	Falco	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	FALCSPE	Falco spec.	Aves	Falconidae	Falco	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	FALCTIN	Falco tinnunculus	Aves	Falconidae	Falco	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats desert (Falco tinnunculus rupicolaeformis); open habitat, fields, heaths, shrubland and marshland; woodland; steppe with abundant herbaceous plants and shrubs; wetland; moorland; arid savannah   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Asia; Africa; America (vagrant); Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Cyprus; Georgia; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kuwait; Lebanon; Libya; Oman; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Turkey; United Arab Emirates; Yemen   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1)

	FALDIND	Falconidae indetermined	Aves	Falconidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1)

	FALCIND	Falconiformes indetermined	Aves			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bogazköy (1)

	FELIIND	Felidae indetermined	Mammalia	Felidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	FELICAT	Felis catus	Mammalia	Felidae	Felis	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Bastam (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	FELI_CS	Felis catus / Felis silvestris	Mammalia	Felidae	Felis	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	FELISIL	Felis silvestris	Mammalia	Felidae	Felis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats variety of habitats: from desert and scrub grassland to dry and mixed forest   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Africa; middle Asia; south western Asia   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Bademagaci (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Fikirtepe (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Titris Höyük (1)

	FELISPE	Felis spec.	Mammalia	Felidae	Felis	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Arjoune (1) Beth Shean (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Mylouthkia (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	FRANFRA	Francolinus francolinus	Aves	Phasianidae	Francolinus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats shrubby habitat with cultivated crops in the proximity of water   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Azerbaijan; Bhutan; Cyprus; Georgia; India; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Nepal; Pakistan; Palestinian Territory, Occupied; Syrian Arab Republic; Turkey; Turkmenistan. Possibly extinct: Bangladesh; Saudi Arabia. Regionally extinct; Italy; Spain. Reintroduced: Portugal. Vagrant: Lebanon   Sites Kosak Shamali (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	FULIATR	Fulica atra	Aves	Rallidae	Fulica	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats large, still or slow-flowing waters; shallow water with adjacent deeper water; muddy substrates; marginal, emergent, floating or submergent vegetation; eutrophic and mesotrophic lakes; pools; ponds; reservoirs; barrages; gravel-pits; canals; drainage ditches; dykes; oxbow lakes; fish ponds; creeks; rivers; river deltas; open marshes; freshwater meadows; flood-lands; freshwater and saline lagoons; salt-pans; clay-pans; sewage ponds; temporary pools and seasonally inundated marshes when breeding (Africa); may extend to quiet estuaries or inshore waters in the winter.   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Australia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Belarus; Belgium; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Cambodia; Chad; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Egypt; Estonia; Ethiopia; Faroe Islands; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hong Kong; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Iran; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Korea; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Laos; Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Malaysia; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Moldova; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Myanmar; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Niger; Nigeria; Northern Mariana Islands; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Singapore; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sri Lanka; Sudan; Sweden; Switzerland; Syria; Taiwan; Tajikistan; Thailand; Timor-Leste; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; Uzbekistan; Viet Nam; Western Sahara; Yemen; vagrant: Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Gibraltar; Greenland; Guam; Maldives; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; United States (Georgia - Native)   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	GALECRI	Galerida cristata	Aves	Alaudidae	Galeridae	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; semi-desert; sparsely vegetated acricultural land; dry lawns; sandy fields; clayey and sandy ground   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Belarus; Belgium; Benin; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Estonia; Ethiopia; France; Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Gibraltar; Greece; Hungary; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Korea; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Mali; Mauritania; Moldova; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Nepal; Netherlands; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Pakistan; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Slovakia; Slovenia; Somalia; Spain; Sudan; Sweden; Switzerland; Syrian Arab Republic; Tajikistan; Togo; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; Uzbekistan; Western Sahara; Yemen; vagrant: Finland; Liechtenstein; Malta; Russia; Sierra Leone; United Kingdom   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	GALLCHL	Gallinula chloropus	Aves	Rallidae	Gallinula	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater wetlands; waters sheltered by woodland and bushes; habitats with slow-flowing rivers, oxbow lakes, streams, canals, ditches, lakes, reservoirs, sites with small open water surfaces such as pools and ponds only a few metres across, swamps, marshes, flood-plains, disused gravel pits, rice-fields, sewage ponds; occasionally mangroves and seashores; Foraging: drier grassland, agricultural land or meadows; migration and in the winter months, it can often be observed on damp grassland away from water.   Modern Distribution Area moderate, subtropical and tropical zones of Eurasia, northern and southern America and Africa.   Sites Menteşe (1)

	GALLDOM	Gallus domesticus	Aves	Phasianidae	Gallus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Bastam (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Korucutepe (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Hesban (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Yarikkaya (1)

	GALLGAL	Gallus gallus	0			W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	LEIUPER	Gasterosteus aculeatus (Leiurus perciformes)	Actinopterygii	Gasterosteidae	Gasterosteus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	GASTIND	Gastropoda indetermined	Gastropoda			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Menteşe (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	GAZEBEN	Gazella benetti	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry, open country   Modern Distribution Area Iran - as far north as the northern end of the Kavir desert; Pakistan; India   Sites

	GAZEDOR	Gazella dorcas	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats desert; sub-desert zone; arid and semi-arid areas   Modern Distribution Area Iraq; Libya; Sudan; Syria; Yemen; northern Africa   Sites

	GAZEDGS	Gazella dorcas / Gazella gazella / Gazella subgutturosa	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Beidha (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	GAZEGAZ	Gazella gazella	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; semi-desert; desert   Modern Distribution Area Israel and the adjacent parts of Jordan; Syria; Lebanon; Arabian peninsula; Iran (introduced)   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Al-Madam 1 - Thuqeibah (1) Beisamoun (1) Domuztepe (1) Hazor (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Rehov (1)

	GAZE_GD	Gazella gazella / Gazella dorcas	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Megiddo (1)

	GAZESPE	Gazella spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Ashkelon (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Beth Shean (1) Dhuweila (1) El Kowm II (1) El-Lejjun (1) Gritille (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Jawa (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	GAZESUB	Gazella subgutturosa	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; semi-desert; desert;   Modern Distribution Area Turkey; lowlands and foothills northern and eastern of the Tigris; Mesopotamia; Iran; Arabian Peninsula; Pakistan; Afghanistan; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; southern Central Asia   Sites Bastam (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Dhuweila (1) Emar (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Jawa (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Chuera (2) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	GAZE_GS	Gazellla gazella / Gazella subgutturosa	Mammalia	Bovidae	Gazella	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Atchana (1)

	GERNIND	Gerbillinae indetermined	Mammalia	Muridae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	GERBDAS	Gerbillus dasyurus	Mammalia	Muridae	Gerbillus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats variety of arid habitats including desert, semi-desert, and rocky habitats in hill country   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean; Middle East; Arabian Peninsular; Turkey; Iraq; Syria; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Oman; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Yemen; eastern desert of Egypt;   Sites Tell Hadidi (1)

	GERBSPE	Gerbillus spec.	Mammalia	Muridae	Gerbillus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats dry landscape with sandy or rocky ground   Modern Distribution Area northern and eastern Africa; southern and southwestern Asia   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	GIBBDIV	Gibbula divaricata	Gastropoda	Trochidae	Gibbula	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	GLISGLI	Glis glis	Mammalia	Gliridae	Glis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats mature deciduous, mixed woodland; rocky areas; man-made habitats like gardens and orchards   Modern Distribution Area Across Europe through the northern Turkey to the Caucasus, northern Iran and Turkmenistan; in the Mediterranean from northern Spain through central and eastern Europe, as far as Latvia and Italy and the Balkan Peninsula; Mediterranean islands; British Isles (introduced)   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bastam (1)

	GLYCIND	Glycymerididae indetermined	Bivalvia	Glycymerididae		w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	GLYCGLY	Glycymeris glycymeris	Bivalvia	Glycymerididae	Glycymeris	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater; coastal zone; muddy and sandy water   Modern Distribution Area north-eastern Atlantic; Mediterranean Sea; North Sea; western Baltic Sea; waters around Madeira and the Canary Islands   Sites Tell Afis (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	GLYCPIL	Glycymeris pilosa	Bivalvia	Glycymerididae	Glycymeris	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Atlantic; (Black Sea ?)   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	GLYCSPE	Glycymeris spec.	Bivalvia	Glycymerididae	Glycymeris	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Atlantic   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1)

	GLYCVIO	Glycymeris violacescens (Glycymeris insubrica)	Bivalvia	Glycymerididae	Glycymeris	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Atlantic   Sites Tell Afis (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	GRUIIND	Gruiformes indetermined	Aves			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	GRUSGRU	Grus grus	Aves	Gruidae	Grus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats shallow wetland; treeless moor with standing water; swampy forest clearings; reedy marsh; rice paddies   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Asia; USA; Canada; breeds in northern parts of Europe and Asia; wintering in Africa south to Morocco and Ethiopia, southern Europe, southern Asia, western North America   Sites Bastam (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Menteşe (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	GRUSSPE	Grus spec.	Aves	Gruidae	Grus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bogazköy (1) Tell Afis (1)

	GYPABAR	Gypaetus barbatus	Aves	Accipitridae	Gypaetus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats mountainous terrain   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bastam (1)

	GYPSFUL	Gyps fulvus	Aves	Accipitridae	Gyps	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry open area with few tree; upland plateau; montane steppe   Modern Distribution Area Iberian peninsula; France; Italy; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovenia; Russia; Balkan peninsula; Turkey; Georgia; Cyprus; Georgia; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Lebanon; Jordan; Oman; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Kuwait; Yemen; Morocco; Gibraltar; northern Algeria; Sudan; Senegal; Mauritania; Tunisia; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Afghanistan; Pakistan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Mongolia; Bhutan; Mali; China.   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Tel Dor (1)

	HALIALB	Haliaeetus albicilla	Aves	Accipitridae	Haliaetus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats large and open expanses of lake, coast or river valley; boreal, temperate and tundra zones. Nesting: undisturbed cliffs; open stands of large, old-growth trees   Modern Distribution Area boreal and arctic Europe and Asia from Iceland to Kamchatka and Japan; south western Greenland; from northern Norway to northern Greece; from Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Kazakhstan to central Asia; Algeria (extinct); Portugal (extinct); Syria (extinct); United Kingdom (reintroduced) Vagrant: Bangladesh; Belgium; Bhutan; Cyprus; Egypt; Ireland; Italy; Lebanon; Luxembourg; Malta; Myanmar; Saudi Arabia; Spain; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Tunisia; United States; Presence uncertain: Bosnia and Herzegovina; Faroe Islands; Tajikistan; Thailand   Sites Arslantepe (1)

	HELIIND	Helicidae indetermined	Gastropoda	Helicidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area Eurasia   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	HELIASP	Helix aspersa	Gastropoda	Helicidae	Helix	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ilipinar (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	HELILUC	Helix lucorum	Gastropoda	Helicidae	Helix	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	HELISPE	Helix spec.	Gastropoda	Helicidae	Helix	w
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Tell Burak (1)

	HEMIAUR	Hemiechinus auritus	Mammalia	Erinaceidae	Hemiechinus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry steppe; semi-desert; desert; dry river valleys; gullies; forest shelter belts; abandoned irrigation ditches; shrubby areas; settles in oases; around human settlements; sometimes cultivated habitat   Modern Distribution Area from the eastern Mediterranean region, through southwest Asia to western Pakistan in the south; and from eastern Ukraine through Mongolia to China (Xinjiang);   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	HEMISPE	Hemiechinus spec.	Mammalia	Erinaceidae	Hemiechinus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	HEMIJAY	Hemitragus jayakari	Mammalia	Bovidae	Hemitragus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats north facing slopes between 1000 m and 1800 m   Modern Distribution Area mountains of Oman   Sites

	HERBLAR	Herbivore indetermined large	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	HERBMED	Herbivore indetermined medium	Mammalia
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	HERPICH	Herpestes ichneumon	Mammalia	Herpestidae	Herpestes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats streams; rivers; marsh; swamp; avoids extreme desert and humid forest   Modern Distribution Area Africa; Mediterranean; Turkey; Syria; Israel; Lebanon; Jordan; Spain (introduced); Portugal (introduced)   Sites Tell Atchana (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	HEXATRU	Hexaplex trunculus (Trunculariopsis trunculus unaccepted)	Gastropoda	Muricidae	Hexaplex	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Burak (1)

	HIMAHIM	Himantopus himantopus	Aves	Recurvirostridae	Himantopus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	HIPPAMP	Hippopotamus amphibius	Mammalia	Hippopotamidae	Hippopotamus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats area with deep, permanent water with adjacent reed beds and grassland   Modern Distribution Area sub-Saharan Africa   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	HIPPSPE	Hippopotamus spec.	0			W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1)

	HYAEHYA	Hyaena hyaena	Mammalia	Canidae	Hyaena	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats desert; bushland   Modern Distribution Area Middle East; Caucasus; India; sub-Saharan Africa   Sites El Kowm II (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Küllüoba (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	HYSTIND	Hystrix indica	Mammalia	Hystricidae	Hystrix	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bouqras (1)

	HYSTSPE	Hystrix spec.	Mammalia	Hystricidae	Hystrix	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Shah Tepe (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	INDETER	Indetermined	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Al-Madam 1 - Thuqeibah (1) Arjoune (1) Ashkelon (1) Başur Höyük (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Dhuweila (1) Emar (1) Giricano (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Höyücek (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Megiddo (1) Müslümantepe (1) Palaikastro (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Chuera (2) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Yarikkaya (1)

	INDEBCA	Indetermined bigger than cattle	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	BOCEINM	Indetermined Bovidae/Cervidae medium size	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1)

	INDELAR	Indetermined large	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Emar (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Sos Höyük (1) Troia (1)

	INDEMID	Indetermined middle	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Emar (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Sos Höyük (1) Troia (1)

	INDE_ML	Indetermined middle to large	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Emar (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Troia (1)

	NONMAMI	Indetermined Non-Mammal remains	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Küllüoba (1)

	INDESDS	Indetermined size dog to sheep	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ilipinar (1)

	INDESDW	Indetermined size dog to wild boar	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	INDESRD	Indetermined size rabbit to dog	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	INDESRC	Indetermined size red deer to cattle	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ilipinar (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	INDESWD	Indetermined size wild boar to cattle	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ilipinar (1)

	INDESMA	Indetermined small	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Sos Höyük (1) Troia (1)

	INDESMM	Indetermined small to medium	0			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Emar (1)

	IXOBMIN	Ixobrychus minutus	Aves	Ardeidae	Ixobrychus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater marshes with beds of bulrushes   Modern Distribution Area Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Australia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Belarus; Belgium; Benin; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Botswana; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad; China; Congo; Congo; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Egypt; Equatorial Guinea; Eritrea; Estonia; Ethiopia; France; Gabon; Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Hungary; India; Indonesia; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Lesotho; Liberia; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Madagascar; Malawi; Mali; Malta; Mauritania; Moldova; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Namibia; Netherlands; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Pakistan; Palestinian Territory, Occupied; Papua New Guinea; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russia; Rwanda; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Slovakia; Slovenia; Somalia; South Africa; Spain (Canary Is. - Vagrant); Sudan; Swaziland; Switzerland; Syria; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Togo; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; Uzbekistan; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Vagrant: Barbados; Cape Verde; Denmark; Faroe Islands; Gibraltar; Iceland; Ireland; Libya; Liechtenstein; Mongolia; New Zealand; Norway; Sao Tomé and Principe; Sweden; United Kingdom   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	LACESPE	Lacerta spec.	Reptilia	Lacertidae	Lacerta	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats dry habitat   Modern Distribution Area Europe; north-western Africa; Middle East   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	LACETRI	Lacerta trilineata	Reptilia	Lacertidae	Lacerta	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry areas with Mediterranean climate; bushland; sand dunes; boundary walls; orchards; abandoned cultivated land; areas close to streams and ditches   Modern Distribution Area from coastal Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, east to Bulgaria, southeastern Romania, Albania, Macedonia, Greece (including the Ionian Islands and many Aegean Islands including Crete, Lesvos and Rhodes), and western and central Turkey. Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Greece; Macedonia; Montenegro; Romania; Serbia; Turkey   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	INDELIZ	Lacertidae indetermined	Reptilia	Lacertidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	LAGOIND	Lagomorpha indetermined	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Al-Madam 1 - Thuqeibah (1)

	LANIEXC	Lanius excubitor	Aves	Laniidae	Lanius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	LARUSPE	Larus spec.	Aves	Laridae	Larus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tilbeshar (1)

	LATENIL	Lates niloticus	Actinopterygii	Latidae	Lates	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Megiddo (1) Tel Dor (1) Tell Burak (1)

	LEPOIND	Leporidae indetermined	Mammalia	Leporidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	LEPTCRU	Leptoptilos crumeniferus	Aves	Ciconiidae	Leptoptilos	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open dry savanna; grassland; swamps; riverbanks; lake shores; receding pools (del Hoyo et al. 1992) where fish are concentrated (Hancock et al. 1992); foraging in and around fishing villages (del Hoyo et al. 1992).   Modern Distribution Area Eastern, western and southern Africa; Asia Minor (vagrant); southwestern Europe (vagrant); Native: Benin; Botswana; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad; Congo; Côte d'Ivoire; Djibouti; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Gabon; Gambia; Ghana; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Kenya; Malawi; Mali; Mauritania; Mozambique; Namibia; Niger; Nigeria; Rwanda; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Somalia; South Africa; Sudan; Swaziland; Tanzania; Togo; Uganda; Zambia; Zimbabwe; vagrant: Israel; Liberia; Spain   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	LEPUCAP	Lepus capensis	Mammalia	Leporidae	Lepus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats shrub; grassland; open habitat   Modern Distribution Area Sardinia; south eastern Europe; Arabian Peninsula; Iran; Azerbaijan; Pakistan; Afghanistan; Africa   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Arjoune (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bogazköy (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) El Kowm II (1) Fikirtepe (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Jawa (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Menteşe (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Troia (1)

	LEPU_CE	Lepus capensis / Lepus europaeus	Mammalia	Leporidae	Lepus	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Küllüoba (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	LEPUCFC	Lepus cf. capensis	Mammalia	Leporidae	Lepus	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1)

	LEPUEUR	Lepus europaeus	Mammalia	Leporidae	Lepus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats cultural steppe; open forest; dunes   Modern Distribution Area Palaearctic region from northern Spain to south western Siberia and north western Mongolia, from Denmark to northern Italy and northern Iran; Sweden (introduced); Great Britain (introduced); Ireland (introduced); Australia (introduced); Barbados (introduced); Falkland Islands (introduced); New Zealand (introduced); Réunion (introduced); North America (introduced); South America (introduced)   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arslantepe (1) Bademagaci (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Ilipinar (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Müslümantepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tilbeshar (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1)

	LEPUSPE	Lepus spec.	Mammalia	Leporidae	Lepus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Dhuweila (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) Gritille (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Titris Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	LEVACAE	Levantina caesareana (Helix caesareana)	Gastropoda	Helicidae	Levantina	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell el-Mafjer (1)

	LIZARAM	Liza ramada	Actinopterygii	Mugilidae	Liza	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	LURILUR	Luria lurida (Cypraea lurida)	Gastropoda	Cypraeidae	Luria	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	LUTRLUT	Lutra lutra	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Lutra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats aquatic habitats; highland and lowland lakes; rivers; marshes; swamp forest; coastal area   Modern Distribution Area Europe except Ireland and northern Scandinavia; Middle East; Caucasus; Russian Plain; western Kazakhstan; western Siberia (introduced); East Russia (introduced); eastern Australia (introduced); South America (introduced); Canada and USA (introduced); some islands of the Indian and Atlantic Ocean (introduced)   Sites Hassek Höyük (1)

	LYNXLYN	Lynx lynx	Mammalia	Felidae	Lynx	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest; thinly wooded areas   Modern Distribution Area Spain; France; Germany; Switzerland; Austria; Italy; Sweden; Norway; Baltic States; Finland; Belarus; Poland; Russia; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Southeast Europe; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Afghanistan; Armenia; Ukraine; Azerbaijan; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Pakistan; Bhutan; Mongolia; Nepal; India; Korea; China; Liechtenstein (extinct)   Sites Bastam (1) Korucutepe (1) Troia (1)

	MACTSTU	Mactra stultorum (Mactra corallina, unaccepted)	Bivalvia	Mactridae	Mactra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	MAMMIVL	Mammal indetermined very large	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Atchana (1) Troia (1)

	MAMMIND	Mammals indetermined	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bademagaci (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) El-Lejjun (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Kalapodi (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Küllüoba (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	MAMMINL	Mammals indetermined large	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Ashkelon (1) Başur Höyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) El-Lejjun (1) Giricano (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Megiddo (1) Müslümantepe (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	MAMMICH	Mammals indetermined large, cow / horse size	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1)

	MAMMINM	Mammals indetermined medium	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Ashkelon (1) Başur Höyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) El-Lejjun (1) Giricano (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Megiddo (1) Müslümantepe (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	MAMMISC	Mammals indetermined medium / large, sheep to cow size	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1)

	MAMMIDS	Mammals indetermined medium dog / sheep size	Mammalia
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1)

	MAMMIML	Mammals indetermined medium to large size	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Burak (1) Troia (1)

	MAMMINS	Mammals indetermined small	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Başur Höyük (1) Çadir Höyük (1) El-Lejjun (1) Giricano (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Megiddo (1) Müslümantepe (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	MAMMISM	Mammals indetermined small to medium size	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Burak (1) Troia (1)

	MAMMIRS	Mammals indetermined small, rodent size	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1)

	MAMMIVS	Mammals indetermined very small	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Troia (1)

	MARTCFO	Martes cf. foina	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Martes	W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Horum Hüyük (1)

	MARTCFM	Martes cf. martes	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Martes	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats deciduous, mixed and coniferous woodland; scrub; woodland with an incomplete canopy and dense understorey vegetation   Modern Distribution Area northern Britain; Ireland; Iberian Peninsula; Greece; Belgium; Netherlands; Corsica; Sardinia; Sicily; Asia Minor; Iran; northern Iraq; Caucasus; westernmost parts of western Siberia; Europe; western Asia; Palaearctic   Sites Domuztepe (1)

	MARTFOI	Martes foina	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Martes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats deciduous forest; forest edge; open rocky hillsides; urban and suburban area   Modern Distribution Area Europe and central Asia expect Ireland, the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, Finland, northern Baltic and northern European Russia; from Spain and Portugal through central and southern Europe, the Middle East, and central Asia, extending as far east as the Altai and Tien Shan mountains and north western China; Afghanistan; Pakistan; India; Nepal; Bhutan; northern Myanmar; Kazakhstan; Wisconsin (introduced)   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Bastam (1) Fikirtepe (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Tell Hesban (1) Ulucak (1)

	MARTMAR	Martes martes	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Martes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats deciduous, mixed and coniferous woodland; scrub; woodland with an incomplete canopy and dense understorey vegetation   Modern Distribution Area northern Britain; Ireland; Iberian Peninsula; Greece; Belgium; Netherlands; Corsica; Sardinia; Sicily; Asia Minor; Iran; northern Iraq; Caucasus; westernmost parts of western Siberia; Europe; western Asia; Palaearctic   Sites

	MARTSPE	Martes spec.	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Martes
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kouphovouno (1)

	MAURCAS	Mauremys caspica	Reptilia	Geoemydidae	Mauremys	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats lakes; streams   Modern Distribution Area southern and south eastern Balkan; Cyprus; Turkey; Syria; Lebanon; Iran; Israel; Crete; southern Russia; eastern Europe; Asia   Sites Bastam (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Korucutepe (1) Sos Höyük (1)

	MELACAL	Melanocorypha calandra	Aves	Alaudidae	Melancorypha	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats subtropical and Mediterranean area; steppe; temperate open lowland plains and upland plateaux; grasslands, ranging from virgin steppe to cultivated crops; areas of profuse mixed herbage and even water- meadows; shrubland; bushland; area with even well scattered low trees.   Modern Distribution Area Native: Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Azerbaijan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Cyprus; Egypt; France; Georgia; Greece; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Lebanon; Libya; Macedonia; Moldova; Montenegro; Morocco; Palestine; Portugal; Romania; Russia; Slovenia; Spain; Syria; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan; vagrant: Austria; Bahrain; Belgium; Czech Republic; Denmark; Faroe Islands; Finland; Germany; Gibraltar; Hungary; Kuwait; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Sweden; Switzerland; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	MELAPRA	Melanopsis praemorsa	Gastropoda	Melanopsidae	Melanopsis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater with high oxygen contents   Modern Distribution Area Europe; northern Africa; Middle East; from Spain to northern Africa and Iran   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	MELASPE	Melanopsis spec.	Gastropoda	Melanopsidae	Melanopsis	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats limnic water; cold and warm springs; streams; rivers; canals; ditches; lakes; ponds   Modern Distribution Area mediterranean, to the east till Iran   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Burak (1)

	MELEMEL	Meles meles	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Meles	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest, edge of the forest - zone; open pastureland with small patches of woodland; hedges   Modern Distribution Area Iran; Iraq; Israel; Afghanistan; Albania; Bulgaria; Georgia; Europe   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Bastam (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Dhuweila (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hagia Triada (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Ulucak (1)

	MELESPE	Meles spec.	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Meles	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1)

	MELLCAP	Mellivora capensis	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Mellivora	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats opportunistic; from dense rain forest to arid desert   Modern Distribution Area through most of sub-Saharan Africa from the Western Cape, South Africa, to southern Morocco and south-western Algeria, through Arabia, Iran and western Asia to Turkmenistan and the Indian peninsula; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Lebanon; Oman; Saudi Arabia; Syria; United Arab Emirates; Yemen   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Tell Hesban (1)

	MERICTR	Meriones cf. tristrami	Mammalia	Muridae	Meriones
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	MERILIB	Meriones libycus	Mammalia	Muridae	Meriones	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats desert; semi-desert; unflooded river plains;   Modern Distribution Area North Africa, from western Sahara and Mauritania to Egypt; Asia, from the Arabian peninsula east to China; Turkey; Syria; Iraq; Iran; Jordan; Qatar; Saudi Arabia Afghanistan; Algeria; Azerbaijan; Egypt; Iran; Iraq; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kuwait; Libya; Mauritania; Morocco; Pakistan; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Western Sahara; Kyrgyzstan (presence uncertain); China   Sites Tell Chuera (2) Tell Hadidi (1)

	MERIPER	Meriones persicus	Mammalia	Muridae	Meriones	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats arid, rocky, mountainous region; favouring dry stone embankment in highlands   Modern Distribution Area Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Afghanistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Pakistan; Turkmenistan   Sites Tell Mozan (1)

	MERISHA	Meriones shawi	Mammalia	Muridae	Meriones	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; cultivated fields   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean; Africa; Morocco; Libya; Egypt; Tunisia; Algeria;   Sites Tell Hadidi (1)

	MERISPE	Meriones spec.	Mammalia	Muridae	Meriones	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bastam (1) Dhuweila (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Tell Mozan (1)

	MERITRI	Meriones tristrami	Mammalia	Muridae	Meriones	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; semi-desert   Modern Distribution Area From Anatolia and the Caucasus south to Jordan, Syria, Israel, north western Iran and Iraq   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	MERLMER	Merluccius merluccius	Actinopterygii	Merlucciidae		W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	MESOBRA	Mesocricetus brandti	Mammalia	Cricetidae	Mesocricetus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Sos Höyük (1)

	MICRMIN	Micromammalia indetermined
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Tell Arbid (1)

	MICRMAH	Micromammalia indetermined hamster size
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	MICRMAM	Micromammalia indetermined mouse size
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	MICREHR	Microspalax ehrenbergi (Spalax ehrenbergi)	Mammalia	Spalacidae	Microspalax	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry steppe; semi-desert; desert; cultivated fields   Modern Distribution Area Egypt; Turkey; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Libya; Syria   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell Mozan (1)

	MICRGUE	Microtus guentheri	Mammalia	Cricetidae	Microtus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry grasslands with sparse vegetation on well drained soil; natural and man-made habitats like dry meadows and pastures (Kryštufek 1999); grassy meadows; riverbanks; in Libya, it occurs in montane valleys of grassland in isolated pockets of the Cyrenaican Plateau, as well as in agricultural areas such as maize fields.   Modern Distribution Area from the south-east Balkans and Turkey through Syria, Lebanon, and Israel, with an isolated range segment in northern Libya. In Europe, discontinuous range in southern Serbia (Serbia and Montenegro), Macedonia, parts of southern and eastern Greece, southern Bulgaria, and Turkish Thrace; native: Bulgaria; Greece; Israel; Lebanon; Macedonia; Montenegro; Serbia; Syria; Turkey   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	MICRSPE	Microtus spec.	Mammalia	Cricetidae	Microtus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area North America; Europe; Asia   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1)

	MILVMIG	Milvus migrans	Aves	Accipitridae	Milvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats generalist (under assumption that enough food is available)   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	MILVMIL	Milvus milvus	Aves	Accipitridae	Milvus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats broadleaf woodland and forest, mixed with farmland, pasture and heathland; to 2,500 m in Morocco; edges of towns; in winter it also occupies wasteland, scrub and wetland   Modern Distribution Area from Spain and Portugal east through central Europe to Ukraine, north to southern Sweden, Latvia and the UK, and south to southern Italy and eastern Turkey; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Iran; Iraq (vagrant); Syria (vagrant); Israel (vagrant); Jordan (vagrant); Lebanon (vagrant); Morocco;   Sites Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1)

	MIMAVAR	Mimachlamys varia (Chlamys varia unaccecpted)	Bivalvia	Pectinidae	Mimachlamys	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	MITREBE	Mitra ebenus	Gastropoda	Costellariidae (Mitridae)	Mitra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area western European waters; Mediterranean Sea   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	MITRSPE	Mitra spec.	Gastropoda	Costellariidae (Mitridae)	Mitra	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	MOLLIND	Mollusca indetermined	Gastropoda			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Başur Höyük (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Bogazköy (1) Giricano (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kalapodi (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Müslümantepe (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1)

	MONAHAI	Monacha haifaensis	Gastropoda	Hygromiidae	Monacha	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell el-Mafjer (1)

	MONASPE	Monachus spec.	Mammalia	Phocidae	Monachus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Mylouthkia (1)

	MONOIND	Monodonta indetermined	Gastropoda	Trochidae		w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	MUGICEP	Mugil cephalus	Actinopterygii	Mugilidae	Mugil	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tel Dor (1)

	MUGISPE	Mugil spec.	Actinopterygii	Mugilidae	Mugil	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	MUGIIND	Mugilidae indetermined	Actinopterygii	Mugilidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1) Tel Dor (1)

	EQUUMUL	MULI (Hybrid of Equus caballus * Equus asinus)	Mammalia	Equidae	Equus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites Bastam (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	MUREBRA	Murex brandaris	Gastropoda	Muricidae	Murex	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats intertidal zone; shallow subtidal zone   Modern Distribution Area central and western areas of the Mediterranean Sea; Indian Ocean; China Sea   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1)

	MUSMUSC	Mus musculus	Mammalia	Muridae	Mus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats commensal; man made habitats; arable land; pastures; coastal sand dunes; salt marshes; scrubby road verges   Modern Distribution Area in association with man nearly all over the world   Sites Megiddo (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	MUST_EN	Mustela erminea / Mustela nivalis	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Mustela	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Troia (1)

	MUSTNIV	Mustela nivalis	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Mustela	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest; farmland; cultivated field; grassy field; riparian woodland; hedgerows, alpine meadows; scrub; steppe; semi-desert; plain; coastal dunes   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean Sea; Morocco; from western Europe to China and Japan; northern America; Palaearctic region of the northern Hemisphere   Sites Bogazköy (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Jawa (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1)

	MUNIVOP	Mustela nivalis / Vormela peregusna	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Mustela / Vormela	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Chuera (1)

	MUSTPUT	Mustela putorius	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Mustela
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Mezraa Hoyük (1)

	MUSTSPE	Mustela spec.	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Mustela	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats variety of habitats, from steppe and desert to high mountains and Arctic regions   Modern Distribution Area Eurasia; northern Africa; North America; northern South America; north western South America   Sites Bogazköy (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1)

	MUSPFIS	Mustela spec. / Felidae indetermined small	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1)

	MUS_MAS	Mustela spec. / Martes spec.	Mammalia	Mustelidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1)

	MUSTIND	Mustelidae indetermined	Mammalia	Mustelidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çatalhöyük (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1)

	MYTIGAL	Mytilus galloprovincialis	Bivalvia	Mytilidae	Mytilus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Barcin Höyük (1) Ilipinar (1) Menteşe (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	NASSSPE	Nassa spec.	Gastropoda	Muricidae	Nassa	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	ARCUGIB	Nassarius gibbosulus, Linnaeus, 1758 (Arcularia gibbosula Linneaus 1758 veraltet)	Gastropoda	Nassariidae	Nassarius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area European waters; Mediterranean Sea   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	NASSRET	Nassarius reticulatus (Hinia reticulata unaccepted)	Gastropoda	Nassariidae	Nassarius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	NEOPPER	Neophron percnopterus	Aves	Accipitridae	Neophron	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats low cliffs; rocky outcrops; lowland; montane regions; open arid country; bush-savannah; human settlements   Modern Distribution Area Cape Verde and Canary Islands in the west through Morocco and parts of West Africa; Angola; Namibia; Ethiopia; East Africa; island of Socotra; Arabia; Oman; Indian Subcontinent; Migratory: southern Europe from Spain through the Mediterranean, the Caucasus and central Asia to Pakistan, northern India and Nepal; Sahel region   Sites Bastam (1) Korucutepe (1)

	NESOIND	Nesokia indica	Mammalia	Muridae	Nesokia	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats tropical and sub tropical dry deciduous forest; scrubland; grassland; arable land; pastures; plantations; natural grassland; cultivated fields, orchards; agricultural land; moist soils near permanent water sources in areas of dense vegetation (Iran); semi-desert (Egypt)   Modern Distribution Area northern Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, southern Asia and China; Egypt; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Syria; Jordan; eastern Saudi Arabia   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	NEVEJOS	Neverita josephinia (Natica josephinia)	Gastropoda	Naticidae	Neverita	w
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	NUMESPE	Numenius spec.	Aves	Scolopacidae	Numenius	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats meadow; fen; tundra   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	ONYCTRI	Onychognathus tristramii	Aves	Sturnidae	Onychognathus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area native: Egypt; Israel; Jordan; Oman; Palestine; Saudi Arabia; Yemen   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	OPHIAPO	Ophisaurus apodus	Reptilia	Anguidae	Ophisaurus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry and warm habitats; shrubland; cultivated land; vineyards; stone walls   Modern Distribution Area Balkan peninsula; Caucasus; Iran; Iraq; from Asia Minor to central Asia   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	ORYXDAM	Oryx dammah	Mammalia	Bovidae	Oryx	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats sub-desert; annual grassland steppe   Modern Distribution Area (extinct in the wild)   Sites

	ORYXLEU	Oryx leucoryx	Mammalia	Bovidae	Oryx	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats gravel plain; sandy, stony desert   Modern Distribution Area Israel (reintroduced); Oman (reintroduced); Saudi Arabia (reintroduced)   Sites Tell Hesban (1)

	OSTEIND	Osteichthyes indetermined
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Hazor (1) Kurban Höyük (1)

	OSTREDU	Ostrea edulis	Bivalvia	Ostreidae	Ostrea	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ilipinar (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	OSTREID	Ostreidae indetermined	Bivalvia	Ostreidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats cliffs in flat tidal waters   Modern Distribution Area oceans all over the world   Sites Bogazköy (1) Tell Bderi (1)

	OTISTAR	Otis tarda	Aves	Otididae	Otis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; secondary and pasture grassland; open, non-intensive agricultural land   Modern Distribution Area Iberian Peninsula; France; Germany; Austria; Italy; Czech Republic; Hungary; Romania; Slovakia; Greece; West Balkan; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Syria; Morocco; Bulgaria; Ukraine; Central Asia; China   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bastam (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Korucutepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Sos Höyük (1)

	OVISAMM	Ovis ammon	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats mountains; steppe valleys; rocky outcrops; open desert   Modern Distribution Area Afghanistan; Russia; Kazakhstan; Pakistan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Nepal; Bhutan (presence uncertain); India; China   Sites Bastam (1) Höyücek (1) Korucutepe (1)

	OAM_CAE	Ovis ammon / Capra aegagrus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis / Capra	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bastam (1) Bogazköy (1) Korucutepe (1)

	OVISARI	Ovis aries	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) 'Ain Ghazal (1) Acemhöyük (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beisamoun (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) Emar (1) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Palaikastro (1) Phaistos (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Chuera (3) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	OVI_CAP	Ovis aries / Capra hircus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis / Capra	D
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) Acemhöyük (1) Al-Madam 1 - Thuqeibah (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Ashkelon (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Beisamoun (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Bouqras (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) Emar (1) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Palaikastro (1) Phaistos (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Chuera (3) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	OACHCAC	Ovis aries / Capra hircus / Capreolus capreolus	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Troia (1)

	OACDMGS	Ovis aries / Capra hircus / Dama mesopotamica / Gazella subgutturosa	Mammalia
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kosak Shamali (1)

	OVCAGAZ	Ovis aries / Capra hircus / Gazella spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arjoune (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1)

	OVACHSD	Ovis aries / Capra hircus / Sus domesticus	Mammalia			D
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	OVIS_DW	Ovis aries / Ovis orientalis	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bademagaci (1) Bouqras (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Emar (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Küllüoba (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Troia (1) Wadi Fidan (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	OVISCFA	Ovis cf. ammon	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	OVISORI	Ovis orientalis	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats arid habitats like grassland; agricultural fields; woodland   Modern Distribution Area Turkey; Iran; Oman; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Kazakhstan; Pakistan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; India   Sites Arslantepe (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bogazköy (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Küllüoba (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1)

	OVICAPW	Ovis orientalis / Capra aegagrus	Mammalia	Bovidae		W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Domuztepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	OVCA_DW	Ovis orientalis / Ovis aries / Capra hircus / Capra aegagrus	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis / Capra	D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bademagaci (1) Bademagaci (2) Çatalhöyük (1) Emar (1) Küllüoba (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Troia (1)

	OVISSPE	Ovis spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae	Ovis	D / W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Dhuweila (1) El-Lejjun (1) Gritille (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	OVCASDW	Ovis spec. / Capra spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1) Dhuweila (1) El Kowm II (1) El-Lejjun (1) Gritille (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	OCG_SPE	Ovis spec. / Capra spec. / Gazella spec.	Mammalia	Bovidae		D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bouqras (1) El-Lejjun (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	OVCASPW	Ovis spec. Wild / Capra spec. wild	Mammalia	Bovidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	OXYULEU	Oxyura leucocephala	Aves	Anatidae	Oxyura	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats small, enclosed freshwater, brackish or eutrophic lakes often included in larger wetland systems; inland lakes; coastal lakes; lagoons   Modern Distribution Area Europe; northern Africa; Asia; Spain; Romania; Greece; Bulgaria; Turkey; Armenia; Syria; Iraq; Iran; Israel; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Algeria; Tunisia; Russia; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan; Afghanistan; Tajikistan; Mongolia; India; China   Sites Tell Hadidi (1)

	PANDHAL	Pandion haliaetus	Aves	Accipitridae	Pandion	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats clean lakes; bays; high trees for nesting   Modern Distribution Area Scotland; Central France; Wales; Scandinavia; eastern Germany; Poland; boreal to subtropical zones of the Holarctic; Caribbean; tropical Southeast Asia; Australia; Vagrant: Bermuda; Faroe Islands; Greenland; Iceland; Lebanon; Maldives; Seychelles; Syrian Arab Republic   Sites

	PANTLEO	Panthera leo	Mammalia	Felidae	Panthera	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats grassy plain; savannah; open woodland; scrub country; semi deserts; forests   Modern Distribution Area sub-Saharan Africa   Sites Arslantepe (1) Bogazköy (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kalapodi (1) Megiddo (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1)

	PANTPAR	Panthera pardus	Mammalia	Felidae	Panthera	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats woodland; savannah; forest; mountain habitats; coastal scrub; bog; shrubland; semi-desert; desert   Modern Distribution Area Middle east; Arabian Peninsula; southern Asia; sub-Saharan Africa   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Bastam (1) Bogazköy (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Domuztepe (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1)

	PANTSPE	Panthera spec.	Mammalia	Felidae	Panthera	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	PARAAET	Paraechinus aethiopicus	Aves	Erinaceidae	Paraechinus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats oases; vegetated wadis; arid desert; dry steppe   Modern Distribution Area From Mauritania, Western Sahara and Morocco in the west, to Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea and Ethiopia in the east. In the Middle East from Syria, Israel, Jordan, Iraq and marginally in Iran, and from most of the Arabian Peninsula. Insular populations occur on Djerba (Tunisia), Bahrain and Tanb (Persian Gulf); Native: Algeria; Bahrain; Chad; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kuwait; Mali; Mauritania; Morocco; Niger; Oman; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Somalia; Sudan; Syria; Tunisia; United Arab Emirates; Western Sahara; Yemen   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	PAHESPE	Paraechinus spec. / Hemiechinus spec.	Mammalia	Erinaceidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	PASSDOM	Passer domesticus	Aves	Passeridae	Passer	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats synantrophic   Modern Distribution Area All over the world except the polar regions, some areas in North Siberia, China; south eastern Asia; western Australia, middle Africa, South America and the most northern parts of America; Introduced: Australia; British Indian Ocean Territory; Comoros; Jamaica; Lesotho; Malawi; Maldives; Mauritius; Netherlands Antilles; New Caledonia; New Zealand; Réunion; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Seychelles; Swaziland; Tanzania, United States; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela; Virgin Islands; Zimbabwe; Japan (vagrant); Viet Nam (vagrant)   Sites Bastam (1) Korucutepe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	PASSIND	Passeriformes indetermined	Aves			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arslantepe (1) Bademagaci (1)

	PATESPE	Patella spec.	Gastropoda	Patellidae	Patella	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Burak (1)

	PECTJAC	Pecten jacobeus	Bivalvia	Pectinidae	Pecten	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	PELEONO	Pelecanus onocrotalus	Aves	Pelecanidae	Pelecanus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats large, warm, shallow fresh, brackish, alkaline or saline lakes; lagoons; marshes; broad rivers; deltas; estuaries; coasts of landlocked seas; secure areas of extensive reedbeds; wet swamps; mudflats; sandbanks; gravel and rocky substrates for nesting   Modern Distribution Area from south eastern Europe to Asia; southern Africa; Montenegro (possibly extinct); Serbia (possibly extinct); Hungary (regionally extinct); Vagrant: Portugal; Spain; France; Netherlands; Denmark; Finland; Norway; Latvia; Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Slovenia; Czech Republic; Croatia; Malta; Oman; Lybia; United Arab Emirates; Algeria; western Sahara; Tunisia   Sites Arslantepe (1) Tel Dor (1)

	PERDPER	Perdix perdix	Aves	Phasianidae	Perdix	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; heathland; open area; farmland; grassland; brush   Modern Distribution Area from the British Islands and middle Europe to south-western and south eastern Europe and western Siberia, Turkestan, Pakistan and northern Iran; Iberian Peninsula; Italy; Europe; Asia; North America (introduced); South Scandinavia (introduced); Cyprus (vagrant)   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1)

	PERNAPI	Pernis apivorus	Aves	Accipitridae	Pernis	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats woodland; parkland   Modern Distribution Area Europe; western Siberia; from the British Isles to western Siberia; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Libya; Oman; Qatar; Syria; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates; Yemen; wintering: tropical Africa   Sites Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	PERSLAT	Persististrombus latus (or: Strombus bubonius)	Gastropoda	Strombidae	Strombus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Höyücek (1)

	PHALCAR	Phalacrocorax carbo	Aves	Phalacrocoracidae	Phalacrocorax	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats saltpans; coastal lagoons; mangrove swamps; deltas; coastal bays; rocky shores; cliffs and islets; fresh, brackish or saline inland wetland   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Asia; Australia; New Zealand; Greenland; eastern coastal areas of North America; Vagrant: Cape Verde; Christmas Island; Liberia; Liechtenstein; Micronesia; Norfolk Island; Northern Mariana Islands; Papua New Guinea; Seychelles   Sites Bastam (1) Tel Dor (1)

	PHALSPE	Phalium spec.	Gastropoda	Cassidae	Phalium	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell el-Mafjer (1)

	PHASIND	Phasianidae indetermined	Aves	Phasi		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tilbeshar (1)

	PHORLIN	Phorcus lineatus (Monodonta turbinata)	Gastropoda	Trochidae	Phorcus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	PHYLTRU	Phyllonotus trunculus (Murex trunculus, Heraplex trunculus)	Gastropoda	Muricidae	Phyllonotus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater; shallow, sub littoral water   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean Sea; Atlantic coasts of Spain, Portugal, Morocco, the Canary Islands, Azores   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	PICAPIC	Pica pica	Aves	Corvidae	Pica	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats semi-open landscapes   Modern Distribution Area Europe and Asia, from Scandinavia to Spain in the west and Turkey and Iran in the south east and in the east to Japan and northern Vietnam and Korea except Mongolia; British Isles; Kamchatka Peninsula; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; western Areas of North America and Alaska.   Sites Bastam (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	PINNNOB	Pinna nobilis	Bivalvia	Pinnidae	Pinna	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	PISCIND	Pisces indetermined	0			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Bouqras (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Domuztepe (1) Giricano (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Horbat Rosh Zayit (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Müslümantepe (1) Qubur al-Walaydah (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	PLEUBAL	Pleurodiscus balmei	Gastropoda	Pleurodiscidae	Pleurodiscus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	PODIGRI	Podiceps grisegena	Aves	Podicipedidae	Podiceps	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats Breeding: small, shallow (less than 2 m deep) inland waters with abundant emergent vegetation and stretches of open water, small pools and lakes, backwaters of large rivers, pools cut off from the sea in estuaries and coastal lagoons. Non-breeding: large inland lakes; shallow coastal areas with abundant fish stocks   Modern Distribution Area western Canada, north-west USA, eastern Russia, north-eastern China and northern Japan, wintering from Japan and Korea through the Aleutian Islands to California, and off eastern the USA south to Florida; eastern Europe, west and west-central Asia wintering from the North Sea, Black Sea and Caspian Sea.   Sites

	POLYAME	Polyprion americanus	Actinopterygii	Polyprionidae	Polyprion	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats extremes of depth range are 42-1,000 m (see Sedbury   Modern Distribution Area Atlantic Ocean; Indian Ocean; Pacific Ocean; in the Eastern Atlantic it ranges from Norway to South Africa including the Mediterranean, Canary Islands, Madeira, Cape Verde, and Tristan da Cunha. In the Western Atlantic it is found in Newfoundland, Canada and the Gulf of Maine to North Carolina, USA. In the Southern hemisphere it is known from South America (Uruguay, Argentina and Brazil) to New Zealand, including the St. Paul and Amsterdam Islands in the western Indian Ocean;   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	PORZPOR	Porzana porzana	Aves	Rallidae	Porzana
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kosak Shamali (1)

	POTAMES	Potamon mesopotamicum	Malacostraca	Potamidae	Potamon	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	POTAPOT	Potamon potamios	Malacostraca	Potamidae	Potamon	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats streams; rivers; lakes   Modern Distribution Area from Rhodes and Naxos in Greece, to southern Turkey and south throughout the Jordan and Litany River basins to the Sinai peninsula in Egypt   Sites Arjoune (1) Beth Shean (1) Korucutepe (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	POTASPE	Potamon spec.	Malacostraca	Potamidae	Potamon	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats freshwater   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean Sea; Indian Ocean, Socotra, northern India, eastern Asia   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Gritille (1) Tell Afis (1)

	PROCCAP	Procavia capensis	Mammalia	Procaviidae	Procavia	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats From arid deserts to rainforest, occurring from sea level to 4,300 m on Mount Kenya; rocky outcrops, cliffs and boulders   Modern Distribution Area Algeria; Angola (Angola); Benin; Botswana; Cameroon; Chad; Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Ghana; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Israel; Jordan; Kenya; Lebanon; Lesotho; Libya; Mauritania; Mozambique; Namibia; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Somalia; South Africa; Sudan; Swaziland; Tanzania, United Republic of; Togo; Uganda; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe   Sites Tell Hesban (1)

	PROCSPE	Procavia spec.	Mammalia	Procaviidae	Procavia	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats wide range from arid desert to rain forest   Modern Distribution Area sub-Saharan Africa; north-eastern Africa; central and southern Africa except the Congo Basin forests; Arabian Peninsula (mainly in the west,); Lebanon; Jordan; Israel   Sites

	PSAMOBE	Psammomys obesus	Mammalia	Muridae	Psammomys	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats generalist; rocky habitat; grassland; semi-desert; desert; always in the vicinity of succulent shrubs   Modern Distribution Area Algeria; Egypt; Israel; Jordan; Mauritania; Morocco; Saudi Arabia; Sudan; Syria; Tunisia   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	PTERALC	Pterocles alchata	Aves	Pteroclidae	Pterocles	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats semi-desert; dry steppe   Modern Distribution Area Portugal; Spain; France; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Syria; Jordan; Libya; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Afghanistan; Pakistan; Azerbaijan; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; India; Algeria; Egypt; Morocco; Tunisia; Cyprus (vagrant); Gibraltar (vagrant); Greece (vagrant); Italy (vagrant); Lebanon (vagrant); Malta (vagrant)   Sites Dhuweila (1) Tell Afis (1)

	PTERORI	Pterocles orientalis	Aves	Pteroclidae	Pterocles	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area native: Afghanistan; Algeria; Azerbaijan; China; Cyprus; Egypt; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Libya; Morocco; Pakistan; Portugal; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Spain; Syria; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; vagrant: Bahrain; Belgium; Germany; Greece; Lebanon; Malta; Nepal; Russia; Present - origin uncertain: United Arab Emirates   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	PTERSPE	Pterocles spec.	Aves	Pteroclidae	Pterocles	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1)

	PTSYSPE	Pterocles spec. / Syrrhaptes spec.	Aves	Pteroclidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	PYCNXAN	Pycnonotus xanthopygos	Aves	Pycnonotidae	Pycnonotus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area native: Egypt; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Oman; Palestine; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Turkey; United Arab Emirates; Yemen; present - origin uncertain: Iraq   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	RAFEEUP	Rafetus euphraticus (Trionyx euphraticus, Testudo euphratica )	Reptilia	Trionychidae	Rafetus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	RALLIND	Rallidae indetermined	Aves	Rallidae		w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	RANARID	Rana ridibunda (Pelophylax ridibundus)	Amphibia	Ranidae	Rana (Pelophylax)	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats opportunistic; semi-aquatic; variety of flowing and stagnant water habitats, from shallow puddles and ponds to large lakes, reservoirs, rivers and brooks. It may also be found in slightly saline water; mixed forest; deciduous forest; forest steppe; steppe; grasslands; semi-desert and desert zones; arid areas are largely colonized through river valleys and channels; open, well-warmed areas with abundant herbaceous vegetation.   Modern Distribution Area native: Afghanistan; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Belarus; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; China (Xinjiang - Introduced); Croatia; Czech Republic; Denmark; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Iran; Iraq; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lithuania; Macedonia; Moldova; Montenegro; Netherlands; Poland; Romania; Russia (Kamchatka - Introduced, West Siberia - Introduced); Saudi Arabia; Serbia ; Slovakia; Slovenia; Tajikistan; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan; regionally extinct: Estonia; introduced: Belgium; Spain; Switzerland; United Kingdom   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	RANASPE	Rana spec.	Amphibia	Ranidae	Rana	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area from cold-moderate to subtropical regions of the world   Sites Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	RATTRAT	Rattus rattus	Mammalia	Muridae	Rattus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats commensal   Modern Distribution Area India; Pakistan; Introduced: Ireland; United Kingdom; Portugal; Spain; France; Benelux; Germany; Liechtenstein; Austria; Italy; Malta; Baltic States; Poland; Belarus; Russia; Czech Republic; Cyprus; south eastern Europe; Turkey; Ukraine; Morocco; Algeria; Cambodia; Indonesia; Malaysia; Singapore; Thailand; Tunisia; Viet Nam; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Philippines; Myanmar; Papua New Guinea   Sites Korucutepe (1) Megiddo (1)

	RATTSPE	Rattus spec.	Mammalia	Muridae		W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	REPTIND	Reptilia indetermined	Reptilia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Megiddo (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	RODEIND	Rodentia indetermined	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arslantepe (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bademagaci (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Megiddo (1) Müslümantepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Titris Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1)

	ROININD	Rodentia indetermined / Insectivora indetermined	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1)

	RODEINL	Rodentia indetermined large	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Horum Hüyük (1) Troia (1)

	RODEINS	Rodentia indetermined small	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bouqras (1) Emar (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Kalapodi (1) Küllüoba (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	RUDIDEC	Ruditapes decussatus (Venerupis decussata, alternativ)	Bivalvia	Veneridae	Ruditapes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	RUMIDEC	Rumina decollata	Gastropoda	Subulinidae	Rumina	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats seawater; inshore   Modern Distribution Area Mediterranean; southern Europe; western Asia; northern Africa   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Afis (1)

	RUMILAR	Ruminantia indetermined large	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	RUMISMA	Ruminantia indetermined small	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Asikli Hoyuk (1) El Kowm II (1) Emar (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Küllüoba (1) Menteşe (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Troia (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	RUMISMD	Ruminantia indetermined small domestic	0			D
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	RUMILAW	Ruminantia large wild
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Arbid (1)

	RUMISMW	Ruminantia small wild
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Arbid (1)

	RUPIRUP	Rupicapra rupicapra	Mammalia	Bovidae	Rupicapra	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steep, rocky areas in the mountains; alpine meadows; open rocky areas; woodland   Modern Distribution Area Picos de Europe; Pyrenees; Alps; Jura (introduced); Vosges (introduced); Massive Puy Mary (introduced); Black Forest (introduced); Swabian Alb (introduced); Abruzzi; mountain regions of Albania; main massifs of Bulgaria; Transylvania alps; Carpathian mountains; Tatra Mountains of Poland and Slovakia; South eastern Europe; north eastern Turkey; Caucasus; Argentina (introduced); New Zealand (introduced)   Sites

	RUTIFRI	Rutilus frisii	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae	Rutilus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	SANDLUC	Sander luciopersa	Actinopterygii	Percidae	Sander	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	SCIUANO	Sciurus anomalus	Mammalia	Sciuridae	Sciurus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats mixed and deciduous forest; coniferous forest; rocky outcrops   Modern Distribution Area Greece; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia   Sites Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Korucutepe (1)

	SCIUVUL	Sciurus vulgaris
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	SCOMIND	Scombridae indetermined	Actinopterygii	Scombridae		w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	SELACHI	Selachii indetermined	Chondrichthyes			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area oceans all over the world   Sites Bogazköy (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	SEMIGRA	Semicassis granulata (Phalium granulatum, not accepted: Semicassis undulata)	Gastropoda	Cassidae	Phalium	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Burak (1)

	SERISER	Serinus serinus	Aves	Fringillidae	Serinus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area native: Albania; Algeria; Andorra; Austria; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Egypt; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Gibraltar; Greece; Hungary; Israel; Italy; Jordan; Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Malta; Moldova; Montenegro; Morocco; Netherlands; Palestine; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain (Canary Is.); Sweden; Switzerland; Syria; Tunisia; Turkey; Ukraine; United Kingdom; vagrant: Iceland; Iran; Norway; present - origin unvcertain: Iraq   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	SERPIND	Serpentes indetermined	Reptilia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1) Megiddo (1)

	SERRIND	Serranidae indetermined	Actinopterygii	Serranidae		w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	SILUGLA	Silurus glanis	Actinopterygii	Siluridae	Parasilurus (Silurus)
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	PARATRI	Silurus triostegus (Parasilurus triostegus)	Actinopterygii	Siluridae	Parasilurus (Silurus)	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater; brackish water; demersal   Modern Distribution Area Turkey, Euphrates; Iraq, Tigris River   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	SORIIND	Soricidae indetermined	Mammalia	Soricidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	SPALLEU	Spalax leucodon	Mammalia	Spalacidae	Spalax	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppe; grassland; meadows; pastures; agricultural land with a mixture of pastures, small crop-fields and orchards   Modern Distribution Area from Hungary and the Balkan peninsula through Moldova and the Ukraine to the east of the Dnestr river in Russia; Albania (presence uncertain)   Sites Bademagaci (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Jawa (1) Tell Afis (1)

	SPALNER	Spalax nehringi	Mammalia	Spalacidae	Spalax	W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Sos Höyük (1)

	SPALSPE	Spalax spec.	Mammalia	Spalacidae	Spalax	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Hirbemerdon Tepe (1)

	SPARIND	Sparidae indetermined	Actinopterygii	Sparidae		w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1) Tell Burak (1)

	SPARAUR	Sparus aurata	Actinopterygii	Sparidae	Sparus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats coastal area of marine waters   Modern Distribution Area norhern Atlantic; Mediterranean; Black Sea; North Sea   Sites Fikirtepe (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Burak (1) Ulucak (1)

	SPARSPE	Sparus spec.	Actinopterygii
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	SPERCIT	Spermophilus citellus	Mammalia	Sciuridae	Spermophilus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1)

	SPERSPE	Spermophilus spec.	Mammalia	Sciuridae	Spermophilus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats prairie; steppe; tundra; rocky country; open woodland; abandoned farms; desert mountain ranges   Modern Distribution Area From Austria to central Asia and Siberia to Mongolia; in North America from Central Mexico to northern Canada   Sites Bastam (1)

	SPERXAN	Spermophilus xanthoprymnus	Mammalia	Sciuridae	Spermophilus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1)

	SPISSUB	Spisula subtruncata (Da costa)	Bivalvia	Mactridae	Spisula	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats very fine to coarse sand with low to high mud content   Modern Distribution Area Atlantic; North Sea   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	SPONGAE	Spondylus gaederopus	Bivalvia	Spondylidae	Spondylus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	SQUACEP	Squalius cephalus (Leuciscus cephalus)	Actinopterygii	Cyprinidae	Squalius	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	STENLEU	Stenodus leucichthys
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	STRAHAE	Stramonita haemastoma	Gastropoda	Muricidae	Stramonita	w
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	STREDEC	Streptopelia decaocto	Aves	Columbidae	Streptopelia	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats synantrophic; urban and suburban area   Modern Distribution Area native: Afghanistan; Albania; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Belarus; Belgium; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Egypt; Estonia; Faroe Islands; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Iceland; India; Iran; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Korea; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Moldova; Monaco; Montenegro; Morocco; Myanmar; Nepal; Netherlands; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sri Lanka; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Sweden; Switzerland; Syria; Tajikistan; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; Uzbekistan; introduced: Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas; Belize; Cayman Islands; Cuba; Dominica; Guadeloupe; Japan; Martinique; Mexico; Montserrat; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Turks and Caicos Islands; United States; vagrant: Anguilla; Malta; Tunisia; Yemen; present - origin uncertain: Grenada   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1) Netiv Hagdud (1)

	STRESPE	Streptopelia spec.	Aves	Columbidae	Streptopelia
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kamid el-Loz (1)

	STRETUR	Streptopelia turtur	Aves	Columbidae	Streptopelia	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open woodland   Modern Distribution Area Southern Palaearctic including Turkey and northern Africa; it is rare in northern Scandinavia and Russia; southern Africa (wintering)   Sites Bastam (1)

	STRIALU	Strix aluco	Aves	Strigidae	Strix	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1)

	STRI_AB	Strix aluco / Strix butleri	Aves	Strigidae	Strix	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1)

	STRUCAM	Struthio camelus	Aves	Struthionidae	Struthio	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats savannah; desert   Modern Distribution Area Savannah and Sahel north and south of the equatorial forest zone of Africa; eastern Africa; south western Africa; Asia minor (extinct); Australia (introduced), Swaziland (introduced)   Sites Ashkelon (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Megiddo (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	STURVUL	Sturnus vulgaris	Aves	Sturnidae	Sturnus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats synantrophic; cities; parks; gardens; open fields; open farmland   Modern Distribution Area native: Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Argentina; Aruba; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahamas; Bahrain; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Canada; Cayman Islands; China; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Dominican Republic; Egypt; Estonia; Faroe Islands; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Gibraltar; Greece; Haiti; Hong Kong; Hungary; Iceland; Iran; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Malta; Mexico; Moldova; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Nepal; Netherlands; Norway; Oman; Palestine; Poland; Portugal; Puerto Rico; Qatar; Romania; Russian; Saudi Arabia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain (Canary Is.); Sweden; Switzerland; Syria; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Turks and Caicos Islands; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; Uzbekistan; introduced: Australia; Fiji; New Zealand; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Tonga; United States (Georgia - Native); vagrant: Bermuda; Bhutan; Cape Verde; Greenland; Korea; Maldives; Myanmar; Panama; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Taiwan; Thailand; Vanuatu; Viet Nam; Virgin Islands, U.S.; Yemen   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	STUR_VR	Sturnus vulgaris / Sturnus roseus	Aves	Sturnidae	Sturnus	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats urban and suburban area; grassy area; open woodland; shrubland; wet forest; coastal area   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bastam (1)

	SUNCETR	Suncus etruscus	Mammalia	Soricidae	Suncus
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	SUSCFSC	Sus cf. Scrofa
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	SUSDOME	Sus domesticus	Mammalia	Suidae	Sus	D
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area worldwide in association with people   Sites 'Ain Dara (1) Acemhöyük (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arjoune (1) Arslantepe (1) Ashkelon (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beisamoun (1) Beth Shean (1) Bogazköy (1) Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Emar (1) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Hagia Triada (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Ilipinar (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Palaikastro (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Kinrot (1) Tell Abu Duwari (Mashkar sharif) (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Brak (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell el-'Orēme (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Mozan (2) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Qarqur (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Tilbeshar (1) Titris Höyük (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yarikkaya (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	SUS__DW	Sus domesticus / Sus scrofa	Mammalia	Suidae	Sus	D / W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Argissa-Magoula (1) Bademagaci (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Fikirtepe (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Jebel Abu Thawwab (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Küllüoba (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Mylouthkia (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	SUSSCRO	Sus scrofa	Mammalia	Suidae	Sus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest; fen   Modern Distribution Area Turkey; northern and western Iran; forests along the coasts of the Black and the Caspian Sea; along the rivers of Mesopotamia; Levant; Iran; Afghanistan; north western Pakistan; Europe except British Isles; northern Part of northern Africa; tropical Areas of Asia; North- and South America (introduced); Corsica and Sardinia (introduced)   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Arslantepe (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (2) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Beer-Sheba (1) Bogazköy (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) Domuztepe (2) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Megiddo (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Phaistos (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shah Tepe (1) Shahr-i Sokhta (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Arbid (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	SUSSPEC	Sus spec.
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Gordion (Yassihöyük) (1) Gritille (1) Menteşe (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1)

	SYRRPAR	Syrrhaptes paradoxus	Aves	Pteroclidae	Syrrhaptes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Dhuweila (1)

	TADOFER	Tadorna ferruginea	Aves	Anatidae	Tadorna	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats breeding: freshwater; saline lakes; brackish lakes; rivers in open country; upland plateaus; mountainous region; Non-breeding: streams; slow-flowing rivers; freshwater; flooded grasslands; marshes; brackish lakes; saline lakes; artificial reservoirs in the vicinity of agricultural land; avoids coastal waters and dense vegetation.   Modern Distribution Area Europe; Asia; Turkey; Syria; Iraq; Iran; Lebanon; Israel; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Yemen; Egypt   Sites Bogazköy (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	TADOTAD	Tadorna tadorna	Aves	Anatidae	Tadorna	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats saline habitats; frequents mudflats (del Hoyo   Modern Distribution Area native: Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bangladesh; Belarus; Belgium; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Egypt; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Hong Kong; Hungary; Iceland; India; Iran; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Korea; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Lithuania; Macedonia; Malta; Moldova; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Netherlands; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Poland; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain (Canary Is. - Vagrant); Sweden; Switzerland; Syria; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; Uzbekistan; Yemen; vagrant: Bahrain; Ethiopia; Ghana; Gibraltar; Guinea-Bissau; Laos; Liechtenstein; Luxembourg; Mauritania; Myanmar; Nepal; Philippines; Senegal; Sudan; Taiwan; Thailand; Viet Nam   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	TARALIG	Tarantinaea lignaria (Fasciolaria lignaria unaccepted)	Gastropoda	Fasciolariidae		W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	TATEIND	Tatera indica	Mammalia	Muridae	Tatera	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats arid habitat; semi-arid habitat; dry deciduous forest; scrub forest; grassland; rocky areas; hot desert; arid and semi-arid regions; uncultivated areas; barren open area; dry river slopes; in agricultural landscapes not far from water.   Modern Distribution Area from the Near East, through the north of the Arabian Peninsula to most of South Asia. From Pakistan and Afghanistan throughout India and Sri Lanka to southern Nepal; Iran; Iraq; Kuwait; Syria; Turkey   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1)

	TERRGAS	Terrestrial Gastropoda indetermined	Gastropoda			w
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Burak (1)

	TESAIND	Testudinata indetermined (all turtles)	Reptilia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area all over the world except the polar regions   Sites Ashkelon (1) Dinkha Tepe (1) Domuztepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Megiddo (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Halif (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	TESTIND	Testudinidae indetermined (all tortoises)	Reptilia	Testudinidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Ashkelon (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Giricano (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Kalapodi (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Tell Atchana (1) Troia (1) Türbe Höyük (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1) Ulucak (1)

	TESTGRA	Testudo graeca	Reptilia	Testudinidae	Testudo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats wet bog edge-zone; heathland; grassland; open forest; sandy dunes; dry steppe; semi-desert   Modern Distribution Area Spain; Greece; Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Libya; Syria; Romania; Bulgaria; Macedonia; Moldova; Algeria; Morocco; Tunisia; Egypt; Georgia; Albania; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Russia; Ukraine   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Arjoune (1) Bastam (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Dhuweila (1) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Hazor (1) Hirbemerdon Tepe (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kavuşan Höyük (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Korucutepe (1) Megiddo (1) Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Müslümantepe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tušhan (Ziyaret Tepe) (1)

	TESTHER	Testudo hermanni	Reptilia	Testudinidae	Testudo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open evergreen Mediterranean oak forest; dune scrub; maritime grassland; agricultural and railway edge habitats   Modern Distribution Area Spain; France; Italy; Croatia; Greece; Romania; Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Turkey; Bulgaria; Cyprus (introduced)   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	TESTMAR	Testudo marginata	Reptilia	Testudinidae	Testudo	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats scrub; from coastal dunes to olive groves; small scale agricultural landscape; damp area   Modern Distribution Area north western, central and southern Greece; extreme southern Albania, including the islands Kyra Panagia, Valaxa, Paris, Salamis, Sfakythiria, Spetsopoula, and possibly Corfu; north eastern Sardinia (possibly introduced); Satellite islands (possibly introduced); Isola di San Pietro (possibly introduced); Crete (introduced); Turkey (introduced, presence uncertain).   Sites

	TESTSPE	Testudo spec.	Reptilia	Testudinidae	Testudo	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Karataş-Semayük (1) Menteşe (1) Tell Burak (1) Tilbeshar (1)

	TETRTET	Tetrax tetrax	Aves	Otididae	Tetrax	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats grassland; cultivated landscape   Modern Distribution Area Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; northern Iran; Turkey; Morocco; Balkan peninsula; Russia; Kyrgyzstan; Kazakhstan; Ukraine; north-western China; Vagrant: Ireland; United Kingdom; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden; Norway; Finland; Latvia; Switzerland; Malta; Cyprus; Lebanon; Oman; Japan   Sites Korucutepe (1) Menteşe (1)

	THUNSPE	Thunnus spec.	Actinopterygii	Scombridae	Thunnus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Troia (1)

	THUNTHY	Thunnus thynnus	Actinopterygii	Scombridae	Thunnus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	TONNGAL	Tonna galea	Gastropoda	Tonnidae	Tonna	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	TRIDMAX	Tridacna maxima	Bivalvia	Tridacnidae		W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell el-Mafjer (1)

	TRIOSPE	Trionyx spec.	Reptilia	Trionychidae	Trionyx	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	TRIOTRI	Trionyx triunguis	Reptilia	Trionychidae	Trionyx	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater; brackish water; seawater   Modern Distribution Area Nile, Egypt   Sites Tel Dor (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Burak (1)

	TRIO_ET	Trionyx triunguis / Trionyx euphraticus	Reptilia	Trionychidae	Trionyx	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats freshwater; seawater   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bogazköy (1)

	TROCIND	Trochidae indetermined	Gastropoda	Trochidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats seawater   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Afis (1)

	TURDMER	Turdus merula	Aves	Turdidae	Turdus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest edge; parkland; orchards; gardens; towns; scrub forest; hills and mountains up to the tree line; rocky habitat (Himalayan form)   Modern Distribution Area Europe; middle Asia; northern Africa; India; China; Australia (introduced); New Zeeland (introduced); Turkey; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Libya; Syria; United Arab Emirates   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	TURDPHI	Turdus philomelos	Aves	Turdidae	Turdus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest with thick undergrowth and ground cover; coniferous forest; hedgerows; urban landscape   Modern Distribution Area Europe; northern Africa; Asia; Turkey; Syria; Iraq; Iran; Lebanon; Israel; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Yemen; Egypt ; Australia (introduced); New Zealand (introduced)   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	TURDSPE	Turdus spec.	Aves	Turdidae	Turdus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats forest; villages; towns; synanthropic   Modern Distribution Area Europe; northern Africa; Asia   Sites Göbekli Tepe (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	TURSTRU	Tursiops truncatus	Mammalia	Delphinidae	Tursiops	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Fikirtepe (1)

	TYTOALB	Tyto alba	Aves	Tytonidae	Tyto	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats terrestrial; freshwater;   Modern Distribution Area Native: Albania; Algeria; Andorra; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Australia; Austria; Bahamas; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belarus; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bermuda; Bolivia; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Botswana; Brazil; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Cape Verde; Cayman Islands; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Comoros; Congo; Congo; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Croatia; Cuba; Curaçao; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Equatorial Guinea; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Falkland Islands (Malvinas); Fiji; France; French Guiana; Gabon; Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Gibraltar; Greece; Guadeloupe; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Honduras; Hungary; India; Indonesia; Iran; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Jordan; Kenya; Kuwait; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lebanon; Lesotho; Liberia; Libya; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Mali; Malta; Martinique; Mauritania; Mayotte; Mexico; Moldova; Monaco; Montenegro; Montserrat; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; Niue; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Poland; Portugal; Puerto Rico; Qatar; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; San Marino; Sao Tomé and Principe; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Sint Maarten (Dutch part); Slovakia; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; Somalia; South Africa; South Sudan; Spain; Sri Lanka; Sudan; Suriname; Swaziland; Sweden; Switzerland; Syrian Arab Republic; Tanzania; Thailand; Timor-Leste; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Turkey; Turks and Caicos Islands; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States (Georgia); United States Minor Outlying Islands; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela; Viet Nam; Wallis and Futuna; Western Sahara; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Introduced: Seychelles   Sites Horbat Rosh Zayit (1)

	LARGUNG	Ungulata indetermined large	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Al-Madam 1 - Thuqeibah (1) Arslantepe (1) Çadir Höyük (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Dinkha Tepe (1)

	MEDIUNG	Ungulata indetermined medium	Mammalia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Al-Madam 1 - Thuqeibah (1) Çadir Höyük (1)

	MELAUNG	Ungulata indetermined medium to large
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites

	SMALUNG	Ungulata indetermined small	Mammalia			D / W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arslantepe (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Dinkha Tepe (1)

	INDECHS	Unidentified cattle/horse size
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	INDEHAS	Unidentified hare size
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	INDEROS	Unidentified rodent size
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	INDESGS	Unidentified sheep/goat size
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Jawa (1)

	UNIOCRA	Unio crassus	Bivalvia	Unionidae	Unio	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats streams and lakes rich of oxygen   Modern Distribution Area France; Benelux; Germany; Liechtenstein; Switzerland; Austria; Denmark; Sweden; Baltic States; Finland; Belarus; Poland; Slovakia; Romania; Czech Republic; Hungary; Moldova; Bulgaria; Kazakhstan; Russia; Ukraine   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1)

	UNIO_CT	Unio crassus / Unio tigridis	Bivalvia	Unionidae	Unio	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Korucutepe (1)

	UNIOSPE	Unio spec.	Bivalvia	Unionidae	Unio	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats freshwater; lakes; streams   Modern Distribution Area   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Ilipinar (1) Menteşe (1) Tell Afis (1)

	UNIOTER	Unio terminalis	Bivalvia	Unionidae	Unio	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1) Tell el-Mafjer (1)

	UNIOTIG	Unio tigridis	Bivalvia	Unionidae	Unio	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats freshwater   Modern Distribution Area Middle East; Turkey; Iraq   Sites Tell Afis (1) Tell Bderi (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)

	UNIOIND	Unionacea indetermined (Flussmuscheln)	Bivalvia			W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats freshwater; lakes; streams   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Arslantepe (1) Tell Burak (1) Tell Hadidi (1)

	UDAEIND	Unionidae indetermined	Bivalvia	Unionidae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çavi Tarlası (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Tuneinir (1)

	URSUARC	Ursus arctos	Mammalia	Ursidae	Ursus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats variety of habitats from dry Asian steppes to Arctic shrublands to temperate rain forests (generalists)   Modern Distribution Area from western Europe and Palestine to eastern Siberia and the Himalayan region; Turkey; Iran; Hokkaido; Alaska; northern Mexico   Sites Acemhöyük (1) Arslantepe (1) Bademagaci (1) Bogazköy (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) Fikirtepe (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Kalapodi (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1) Tell Atchana (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1) Troia (1)

	HOPLSPIN	Vanellus spinosus (Hoplopterus spinosus)	Aves		0	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry ground close to fresh or saline pools, lakes, rivers, lagoons, marshes; burnt grassland; cultivated, flooded or irrigated fields; saltflats by alkaline lakes; mudflats; sandflats; beaches; dunes; coastal saltpans   Modern Distribution Area Native: Benin; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad; Congo; Côte d'Ivoire; Cyprus; Djibouti; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Gambia; Ghana; Greece; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kenya; Lebanon; Macedonia; Malawi; Mali; Mauritania; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Palestinian Territory, Occupied; Rwanda; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Somalia; Sudan; Syrian Arab Republic; Tanzania, United Republic of; Togo; Turkey; Uganda; Yemen; vagrant: Bahrain; Belgium; Bulgaria; Cape Verde; Croatia; Czech Republic; Gabon; Germany; Hungary; Italy; Kuwait; Liberia; Malta; Montenegro; Qatar; Romania; Slovakia; Spain; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; Zambia   Sites Netiv Hagdud (1)

	VENEIND	Veneridae indetermined	Bivalvia	Veneridae		W
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	VENUNUX	Venus nux	Bivalvia	Veneridae	Venus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	VENUVER	Venus verrucosa	Bivalvia	Veneridae	Venus	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1)

	VIVISPE	Viviparus spec.	Gastropoda	Viviparidae	Viviparus	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Menteşe (1)

	VORMPER	Vormela peregusna	Mammalia	Mustelidae	Vormela	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats desert; semi-desert; steppe   Modern Distribution Area from south-eastern Europe, through Asia Minor, the Middle East, the Caucasus, and Central Asia, to northern China and Mongolia; Gaza; Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; northern Iraq; northern Saudi Arabia   Sites Büyüktepe Höyük (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Menteşe (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	VULPCAN	Vulpes cana	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats dry montane habitats   Modern Distribution Area Pakistan; Iran; Afghanistan; Turkmenistan; Israel; Egypt; eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula   Sites

	VULPCFC	Vulpes cf. cana	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats see   Modern Distribution Area see   Sites El Kowm II (1)

	VULPCFR	Vulpes cf. rueppelli	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Hesban (1)

	VULPCFV	Vulpes cf. Vulpes	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Bouqras (1)

	VULPCOR	Vulpes corsac	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats steppes, semi-deserts and deserts, avoiding mountains, forested areas and dense bush. In the western part of the range they occur in low-grass steppe, avoiding dense and tall grass steppes. In Kaspyi Sea region the steppes and tarragon-cereal semi-deserts are favoured. It also occurs in fixed-sand habitats (Nogaiskaya Steppe). In Volgo-Ural watershed the Corsac inhabits most usual habitats, but prefers semi-deserts. To the east of the Ural Mountains, the species inhabits steppes and in favourable years occurs even in forested steppes. In Kazakhstan typical habitats are low grass steppes and semi-deserts, often inhabiting low hills, but avoiding low mountains. In Middle-Asia it inhabits semi-deserts and ephemeral-deserts, avoiding drifting sands. One limiting factor is snow height in winter, and this species avoids areas where the depth of snow exceeds 150 mm, preferring areas where the snow is either shallower or highly compressed.    Modern Distribution Area Afghanistan; China; India; Iran; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Mongolia; Russian Federation; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan   Sites Shah Tepe (1)

	VULPRUE	Vulpes rueppellii	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats arid steppe; desert regions   Modern Distribution Area Somalia; deserts of North Africa; from Egypt to Afghanistan and Pakistan   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Tell Afis (1)

	VULPSPE	Vulpes spec.	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 3   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Çadir Höyük (1) Dhuweila (1) El Kowm II (1) Gritille (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Körtik Tepe (1) Kosak Shamali (1) Kurban Höyük (1) Mylouthkia (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell Tuneinir (1) Wadi Fidan (1)

	VULPVUL	Vulpes vulpes	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats forest; dry areas; tundra; farmland   Modern Distribution Area Europe, continental Asia, northern India, peninsular Indochina, Japan, Palaearctic, northern Africa, North America   Sites 'Ain Ghazal (1) Acemhöyük (1) Ain Mallaha (Eynan) (1) Argissa-Magoula (1) Asikli Hoyuk (1) Bademagaci (1) Barcin Höyük (1) Bastam (1) Başur Höyük (1) Bogazköy (1) Çamlıbel Tarlası (1) Çatalhöyük (1) Çavi Tarlası (1) Domuztepe (1) El Kowm II (1) Fikirtepe (1) Giricano (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Hassek Höyük (1) Hirbet ez-Zeraqon (1) Horum Hüyük (1) Höyücek (1) Ilipinar (1) Jawa (1) Kalapodi (1) Kaman-Kalehöyük (1) Kamid el-Loz (1) Kenan Tepe (1) Kinet Höyük (1) Korucutepe (1) Kouphovouno (1) Küllüoba (1) Kültepe-Kanesh (1) Megiddo (1) Menteşe (1) Mezraa Hoyük (1) Müslümantepe (1) Netiv Hagdud (1) Platia Magoula Zarkou (1) Shams ed-Din Tannira (1) Sos Höyük (1) Tel Dor (1) Tel Te'o (1) Tell Afis (1) Tell es-Sweyhat (1) Tell Hadidi (1) Tell Halif (1) Tell Hesban (1) Tell Mozan (1) Tell Munbāqa (1) Tell Rehov (1) Tell Sabi Abyad (1) Tell Sabi Abyad II (1) Tilbeshar (1) Troia (1) Ulucak (1) Yenibademli Höyük (1)

	VULPEVR	Vulpes vulpes / Vulpes rueppelli	Mammalia	Canidae	Vulpes	W
Level of Identification 2   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Schech Hamad (1)

	VULPIND	Vulpini indetermined
Level of Identification 4   Primary Habitats   Modern Distribution Area   Sites Tell Abu al-Kharaz (1)

	XEROKRY	Xeropicta krynickii	Gastropoda	Hygromiidae	Xeropicta	W
Level of Identification 1   Primary Habitats open landscape; cultivated landscape; sandy habitat; forest   Modern Distribution Area Black Sea region from Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece to the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan and Iran; Cyprus; Egypt; Saudi Arabia; Crete (introduced)   Sites Miletos (Kalabaktepe/Zeytintepe) (1) Tell Munbāqa (1)